Abstract: Logistics distribution is an industry with the characteristics of service and profits at the same time in the society, of which goods delivery service time has a significant impact on the customers’ satisfaction level. Based on the above motivation, by considering the two stages: 1)distributing goods on the way, and 2)returning back to the depot after completing delivery, with the objective of minimizing logistics distribution costs and maximizing the customers’ satisfaction level, this paper then constructs an electric vehicle (EV) distribution route planning and dis/charging management multi-objective optimization model based on the battery swapping mode with the consideration of customers’ satisfaction level, in which the logistics distribution costs include battery swapping costs, vehicle loss costs, and slow charge/discharge costs. With the aid of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to solve the proposed mathematical model, a comprehensive numerical simulation is finally conducted on the A-n29 nodes VRP benchmark test systems inserted four battery swapping stations, and the results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model. Moreover, the impact of EV slow charging/discharging management on power distribution systems is investigated further and the sensitivity analysis of EVs’ departure time from the depot is also conducted in this paper to provide some valuable references for managers.

Key words: electric vehicle(EV), battery swapping mode, logistics distribution, route planning, dis/charging management, customer satisfaction level

摘要： 物流配送作为一种盈利型社会服务性行业,配送服务时间对客户满意度具有重要影响。论文考虑电动汽车(electric vehicle, EV)在配送途中和回到配送中心两个阶段,以物流配送成本最低和客户平均满意度最高为目标,构建了一种EV在换电模式下计及客户满意度的物流配送路径规划与充放电管理多目标优化模型,其中物流配送成本包括换电成本、车辆损耗成本以及慢速充放电成本。最后,以A-n29节点VRP基准测试系统插入四座换电站节点为例进行数值仿真,采用非支配排序遗传算法(Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, NSGA-II)对所提多目标优化模型进行求解,结果验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。此外,论文进一步考查了EV慢速充放电管理对配电系统的影响,并对EV发车时间作了参数灵敏度分析,为管理者提供一些参考。

关键词: 电动汽车, 换电模式, 物流配送, 路径规划, 充放电管理, 客户满意度