Abstract: Under the dual pressure of epidemic prevention and control and work resumption, the subway faces with the problem of balancing epidemic risk and travel efficiency. How to improve the coordination level of epidemic prevention departments, security inspection departments and operation departments is not only the practice of implementing the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council, but also an important path to solve the above problems. Based on the characteristics of the subway security inspection white list system, this paper proposes a hierarchical response model of the subway multi department cooperative epidemic resistance. The research not only provides a reference for the subway department or other public places to cooperate in anti epidemic, but also helps to promote the improvement and promotion of the subway security inspection white list system. Firstly, according to the special management and control requirements during the epidemic period, based on Fennelly's improved Wells Riley virus infection model and subway passenger stagnation prediction model, this paper constructs the passenger stagnation prediction model and virus infection model in the subway epidemic prevention and control waiting inspection area, the prohibited goods waiting inspection area and the waiting area, which provide theoretical reference models for the subway departments to evaluate the risk of epidemic prevention and control. Secondly, according to the principle of graded response to emergencies and the subway security inspection white list system, this paper constructs a three-level collaborative anti epidemic emergency response model, and gives a multi department collaborative decision-making mechanism with epidemic infection risk prevention and control as the primary strategy trigger condition and passenger general stagnation risk prevention and control as the secondary strategy trigger condition. It provides a decision-making basis for the subway departments to balance the risk of epidemic prevention and control and the risk of passenger general stagnation. In this paper, the unified dispatching decision-making process of the emergency command and dispatching center is given: (1)We assess the risk threshold of epidemic prevention and control in each region and the risk threshold of passenger general stagnation in each region. (2)We determine the threshold of epidemic prevention and control risk level in each region, and determine the threshold of passenger general stagnation risk level in each region. (3)We convert level values of the passenger general stagnation corresponding to the epidemic prevention and control risk thresholds, and rank them in order with the risk thresholds of passenger general stagnation. (4)We develop the subway passenger stagnation scheduling model based on the principle of epidemic prevention and control. The study finds that: (1)The level of resource allocation of epidemic prevention departments, security inspection departments and operation departments is positively correlated to their diversion capacity of passengers, and unified allocation of emergency resources is helpful for improving the efficiency of resource allocation and inter department coordination. (2)It is easy for a large resource allocation gap between departments to increase the risk of epidemic infection in low allocation areas, thus frequently triggering the policy update conditions of each department and reducing the coordination efficiency between departments. The passenger diversion and flow control capacity of departments with large resource allocation is significantly higher than that of departments with low resource allocation, while the departments with low resource allocation are more sensitive to passenger flow, which is likely to cause waste of system resources and imbalance of cooperation between departments. (1)The subway security inspection white list system is still in its infancy, and it does not have the ability to assist in coping with COVID-19 currently. However, with the continuous development of the social security joint prevention and control network, smart city and subway security technology, the subway security inspection white list system will have a higher scientific and technological attribute, and its application potential will be further improved. (2)This work lacks consideration of the factors that affect the effectiveness of the model, such as the equilibrium of passenger flow distribution at each entrance, the equilibrium of white list passengers arrival distribution, and the equilibrium of subway train number direction of the checked passengers. These practical problems will also further enrich the conclusions of this study. At last, thanks to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71874024, 72274030, 72201051) and the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China (2022QN07003) for their support of this paper.

Key words: subway security inspection, epidemic prevention, hierarchical response model, white list system

摘要： 在疫情防控和复工复产的双重压力下,地铁面临着平衡疫情防控和出行效率的难题,建立高效的地铁多部门疫情协防应急响应机制是践行国务院联防联控制度的基本做法,也是解决上述难题的重要路径。本文以突发事件分级分区响应原则和地铁安检白名单制度为视角,基于Fennelly改进型Wells-Riley病毒传染模型和地铁乘客淤滞预测模型,构建了地铁疫情协防部门、安检部门和运营部门的三级协作抗疫分级响应模型。研究发现,疫情协防部门、安检部门和运营部门的资源配置水平与其导流能力正相关,统一配置应急资源有助于提升资源配置效率和部门间协调效率;资源低配部门策略触发频率和疫情风险控制难度与各部门应急资源配置水平的离散程度正相关。本研究不但为地铁部门或其他公共场所提供了多部门协作抗疫参考,还有助于推进地铁安检白名单制度的完善和实施。

关键词: 地铁安检, 疫情防控, 分级响应模型, 白名单制度