Abstract: With the rapid development of technological innovation, disruptive innovation has become one of the important means for enterprises to take a strategic initiative. However, the disruptive innovation process represented by new energy vehicles shows that relying on the force of a single enterprise is difficult to overcome the difficulties that arise in disruptive innovation. Therefore, in order to achieve disruptive innovation, latecomers have relied on their own advantages to form innovation alliances across industries, fields, disciplines, and other boundaries, namely cross-border innovation alliances. However, due to the continuous deepening of understanding and practice of disruptive innovation, as well as the increasing technological interdependence among various entities, cross-border innovation alliances have also exposed some problems in the process of disruptive innovation. In order to better enhance the disruptive innovation efficiency of cross-border innovation alliances and establish a more open innovation ecosystem, this article takes the China EV100 as the research object to explore the threshold effect of relationship embedded between the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance and the disruptive innovation of latecomers, as well as the regulatory effect of enterprise size after crossing the threshold effect.
The research has found that: (1)The diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance promote disruptive innovation of latecomers, and there is a dual threshold of relationship embedded. When the relationship embedded crosses the first threshold, the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance can promote disruptive innovation of latecomers. When the relationship embedded cross the second threshold, the promoting effect of the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance on disruptive innovation of latecomers weakens. (2)The moderating effect of the enterprise size on the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance and the disruptive innovation of latecomers varies under different levels of relationship embedded. After the relationship embedded crosses the first threshold, the enterprise size positively regulates the promoting effect of the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance on disruptive innovation of latecomers, which is reflected in the fact that the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance can more promote disruptive innovation of large latecomers. After the relationship embedded crosses the second threshold, the enterprise size negatively regulates the promoting effect of the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance on disruptive innovation of latecomers, which is reflected in the fact that the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance can better promote disruptive innovation of small and medium-sized latecomers. (3)Age, type of enterprise, alliance level, and alliance experience are all important influencing factors for the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliance to promote disruptive innovation of latecomers.
This article has three limitations that need to be further explored in future research. Firstly, this study only identifies and studies the diversity partners of cross-border innovation alliances, without exploring the role of other characteristics of cross-border innovation alliances. Future research can further expand the research dimension relationships of cross-border innovation alliance based on alliance combination characteristics. Secondly, the data collected in this study is from enterprises in the China EV100, and studying the automotive industry alone limits the applicability of the research conclusions. Future research will be based on multiple industries, using a combination of questionnaire data and objective data to select more reasonable proxy indicators for comparative analysis. Finally, this study is based on the analysis of the current development status of cross-border innovation alliances in the Chinese context, but lacks relevant analysis of cross-border innovation alliances in foreign contexts. Future research can combine typical cross-border innovation alliance cases from abroad to deeply explore the boundary conditions under which cross-border innovation alliances promote disruptive innovation of latecomers in different contexts.

Key words: cross-border innovation alliance, disruptive innovation, threshold effect, moderating effect

摘要： 跨界创新联盟能够突破行业、产业等不同领域的边界束缚,协同联盟伙伴间的异质性资源,能够产生具有重大价值的颠覆性创新成果。基于中国电动汽车百人会的数据,采用面板门槛回归模型,研究跨界创新联盟伙伴多样性影响后发企业颠覆性创新的关系嵌入门槛效应,以及跨过门槛效应后企业规模的调节作用,揭示跨界创新联盟对后发企业颠覆性创新的影响机理。研究发现,跨界创新联盟伙伴多样性促进后发企业颠覆性创新存在关系嵌入双门槛效应;不同关系嵌入水平下企业规模对跨界创新联盟伙伴多样性促进后发企业颠覆性创新的调节效应不同;企业年龄、企业类型、联盟级别和联盟经验等是跨界创新联盟伙伴多样性促进后发企业颠覆性创新的重要影响因素。基于研究结论,得到相关研究启示。

关键词: 跨界创新联盟, 颠覆性创新, 门槛效应, 调节作用