Abstract: This paper studies the coordination of supply chain in the context of carbon emissions trading mechanism considering the competition between manufacturers. Centralized and decentralized supply chain models are constructed to discuss the prices of products and the reduction rate of emission and to avoid the losses of profit from the decentralized decision making, The Shapley-value algorithm is introduced to coordinate the supply chain, and the mechanism of contract coordination is given. Finally,a numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the Shapley-value algorithm, and a sensitivity analysis of parameters such as the price of the emissions trading and the price sensitivity of consumers is presented. The research shows that coordination is achieved by introducing the Shapley-value algorithm. Carbon emissions trading reduces emissions effectively, but the higher price of carbon emissions trading cuts down the total profit of supply chain. With the increase of the consumers′ price sensitivity, the profits of normal manufacturer, low-carbon manufacturer, and the retailer and supply chain are on the decline.

Key words: carbon emissions trading, manufacturers′ competition, Shapley-value algorithm, coordination of supply chain, price sensitivity

摘要： 在碳交易机制背景下考虑普通制造商和低碳制造商存在竞争的情形,分别构建集中和分散模式下的供应链决策模型并对减排率以及产品销售价格进行求解。针对分散决策造成的供应链利润损失情况,采用Shapley值法对供应链进行协调,并给出契约协调机制。最后通过算例分析了Shapley值法的有效性,并对碳交易价格和消费者价格敏感性进行灵敏度分析。研究表明:Shapley值法的引入提高了供应链成员以及供应链的总利润,实现了供应链协调;碳交易机制的实施减少了碳排放总量,但较高的碳交易价格会降低供应链利润;消费者价格敏感性的增加使得普通制造商、低碳制造商、零售商以及供应链整体利润均降低。

关键词: 碳交易, 制造商竞争, Shapley值法, 供应链协调, 价格敏感性