Abstract: To improve the utilization rate of berths in one-way channel bulk harbor, ship scheduling optimization of the bulk harbor with multi-harbor basin is studied. The need to maintain safe navigation distance of ship in/outbound harbor, in/outbound harbor time alternating conditions and ship in/outbound harbor in cluster is considered. A mixed integer linear programming model is established to minimize the waiting time of the ship in the port. Based on the characteristics of the problem, heuristic rule combined with simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the problem. The initial population is constructed by solving four sub-problems: the number of inbound ships, the inbound order, the number of outbound ships and the outbound order. The algorithm integrates the neighborhood transformation operator, the times of dynamic internal circulation and the dynamic cooling coefficient to improve the search performance of the algorithm. In the numerical experiment, the results of algorithm are compared with the lower bound and the two practical scheduling schemes. The results show that the average relative deviation between the result of hybrid algorithm and the lower bound is 5.28%. Compared with the two practical scheduling plans, the average optimization rate is significantly improved as well as the average berth optimization rate is 6.74% and 4.71% respectively. Finally, the validity of the scheme and the algorithm is validated.

Key words: one-way channel, bulk harbor, multi-harbor basin, ship scheduling, heuristic rules

摘要： 为提高单向航道散货港口的泊位利用率,研究多港池的散货港口船舶调度优化问题。考虑船舶间需保持安全航行距离、进出港时段交替条件和成簇进出港规则等现实约束,以进港船舶总等待时间最小为目标,构建了混合整数线性规划模型。基于问题的特点,设计了启发式规则与模拟退火算法相结合的混合算法进行求解。在数值实验中分别将该算法的结果同下界值和两种现实调度方案对比。结果表明,运用混合算法求解的结果与下界值的平均相对偏差为5.28%,较两种现实调度方案的目标值优化率提升显著,且平均泊位优化率分别为6.74%和4.71%,验证了方案及算法的有效性。

关键词: 单向航道, 散货港口, 多港池, 船舶调度, 启发式规则