运筹与管理 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 98-103.DOI: 10.12005/orms.2021.0081

• 理论分析与方法探讨 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于高斯分布的在线采购机制设计及竞争分析

徐金红1, 徐维军2, 秦旭3   

  1. 1.河北经贸大学 数学与统计学学院, 河北 石家庄 050061;
    2.华南理工大学 工商管理学院, 广东 广州 510641;
    3.电子科技大学 数学科学学院, 四川 成都 611731
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-25 出版日期:2021-03-25
  • 作者简介:徐金红(1967-), 女, 河北石家庄人, 教授, 博士, 研究方向:金融工程及数据挖掘; 徐维军(1975-), 男, 宁夏固原人, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向:金融工程; 秦旭(1981-), 女, 山西长治人, 副教授, 研究方向:概率统计。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(71771091, 71471065)

Design of Online Purchasing Mechanism Based on Gaussian Distribution and Its Competitive Analysis

XU Jin-hong1, XU Wei-jun2, QIN Xu3   

  1. 1. School of Mathematics & Statistics, Hebei University of Economics& Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China;
    2. School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510641, China;
    3. Schoolof Mathematics Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
  • Received:2018-11-25 Online:2021-03-25

摘要: 依附于互联网电子商务的在线采购拍卖交易, 对传统的贝叶斯离线拍卖理论提出新的挑战, 因为面对不同时间点的投标, 采购电商必须即可决策出是否中标以及购买价格。鉴于此, 对于诸如石油、煤、粮食等无限可分商品的电子采购, 本文基于投标具有高斯分布特征设计了一种激励相容的在线采购策略, 演绎出在线采购的数学模型, 利用Runge-Kutta数值算法, 通过Matlab编程求解出采购电商在线定价策略的需求曲线及其对应的竞争比, 最后, 利用数值模拟, 将在线采购机制策略与纯竞争分析得到的在线采购策略比较, 结果显示利用了高斯分布信息的在线采购策略的竞争性能由于利用了投标的统计信息而得到了提高。

关键词: 在线采购拍卖, 激励相容, 高斯分布, 竞争比

Abstract: Purchasing auction attached to Internet e-commerce poses new challenges to the traditional Bayesian offline auction theory, because in the face of bidding at different time, the purchasing transactions mechanism of e-commerce must be able to determine whether to win the bid or the purchase price. In view of this, for e-procurement of infinitely separable commodities such as petroleum and grain, this paper designs an incentive-compatible online procurement strategy based on the bids with Gaussian distribution characteristics, and deducts the mathematical model of online procurement. We give an algorithm using Runge-Kutta numerical method to solve the complicated mathematical model. With the numerical simulation, the online procurement mechanism strategy is obtained. The competitive performance of the online procurement strategy using the information of bids with Gaussian distribution is much better than the online reverse auction strategy obtained by pure competition analysis. In summary, the use of statistical information in the design of competitive strategies for online procurement auctions significantly improves the competitive performance of online strategies.

Key words: online purchasing auction, incentive compatible, gaussian distribution, competitive ratio

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