商业规模示范有效性:行动者网络管理与知识吸收能力的作用

doi:10.12005/orms.2023.0208

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 商业规模示范关系着实验室研发成果最终能否走向市场,行动者网络为此过程提供知识交流与合作的平台,然而网络中的知识能否转移至企业并转变为企业能力应用于商业规模示范,取决于行动者网络管理策略能否触发企业对知识的有效吸收。研究采用新能源汽车企业数据,构建行动者网络管理、知识吸收能力与商业规模示范有效性间的理论模型并利用结构方程模型进行实证分析。结果表明:(1)行动者网络管理中的行动者激活/解除策略、目标实现策略、组织安排与引导互动策略均对商业规模示范有效性有正向影响;(2)知识吸收能力在行动者激活/解除策略、目标实现策略、组织安排与引导互动策略与商业规模示范关系中发挥部分中介作用。研究结论不仅有助于商业规模示范的过程、系统和结构进一步明朗化,而且为提升科技成果转化质量与效率提供决策依据。

关键词: 商业规模示范, 行动者网络管理, 知识吸收能力

Abstract: It is a challenging process for innovation achievements to move from laboratory to market, which requires not only improving the level of technological readiness, but also solving the problems of market acceptance, institutional constraints and resource investment. A large number of technologically proven R&D achievements are trapped in the “valley of death” due to lack of funds and paying users before they are released onto the market. As the last hub between technology development and commercial application, commercial-scale demonstration can effectively combine technology drive and market drive, integrate key resources and knowledge along the value chain, and redevelop, demonstrate and promote technologies to create more complete commercial solutions and shorten the time of technology commercialization. Therefore, commercial-scale demonstration is related to whether the R&D achievements in the laboratories can eventually succeed in being on the market. Actor network provides a platform for knowledge exchange and cooperation in this process. However, in the process of knowledge transmission and sharing, due to the lack of unified and coordinated knowledge sharing mechanism, differences in professional fields of all actors and information asymmetry, the knowledge acquired by all actors is ambiguous and difficult to understand, and actors reduce their willingness to share knowledge. It makes it difficult to effectively flow knowledge between actors. Therefore, whether the knowledge distributed in the actor network can be transferred to the enterprises and transformed into the enterprise’s ability to be applied to the commercial-scale demonstration depends on whether the actor network management triggers the effective absorption of knowledge in the enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the mechanism of enterprises to improve the effectiveness of commercial-scale demonstration from the perspectives of actor network management and knowledge absorptive capacity, and try to partially solve or reduce the knowledge gap that hinders the commercialization of technology, so as to provide reference for the formulation of policies and the decision-making of related enterprises and project managers.
In this study, new energy automobile enterprises are selected as the research objects, and 10 research hypotheses are proposed by constructing a theoretical model among actor network management, knowledge absorptive capacity and commercial-scale demonstration effectiveness. Then the scale is designed and a predictive test is carried out to ensure the stability of the structure and content of the scale. Subsequently, a large-scale questionnaire survey is conducted, and 206 valid questionnaires are finally collected.
AMOS24.0 is used to construct the structural equation model to test the overall structural fit and path relationship of the model. The results show that: Activation (or deactivation) of actor strategy, goal-achieving strategy, and interaction guiding and organizational arrangements strategy in actor network management have positive impacts on the effectiveness of commercial-scale demonstration. Activation (or deactivation) of actor strategy, goal-achieving strategy, and interaction guiding and organizational arrangements strategy in actor network management have positive impacts on knowledge absorptive capacity. The Bootstrap method is used to test the mediating effect. The results indicate that: Knowledge absorptive capacity plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between activation (or deactivation) of actor strategy, goal-achieving strategy, interaction guiding and organizational arrangements strategy and commercial-scale demonstration effectiveness.
The results reveal the mechanism of actor network management affecting the effectiveness of commercial-scale demonstration. A more comprehensive explanation of the effectiveness of actor network management in promoting commercial-scale demonstration has been obtained, and the views by Hellsmark et al., Soderholm et al., that actor network management can promote knowledge exchange and absorption and promote the commercial application of new technologies have been verified, which is helpful to further clarify the process, system and structure of commercial scale demonstration. In addition, the research conclusions also provide decision-making basis for improving the quality and efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

Key words: commercial-scale demonstration, actor network management, knowledge absorptive capacity

中图分类号:

F273.1

蔡颖, 林筠, 张茹鑫. 商业规模示范有效性:行动者网络管理与知识吸收能力的作用[J]. 运筹与管理, 2023, 32(6): 233-239.

CAI Ying, LIN Jun, ZHANG Ruxin. The Effectiveness of Commercial-scale Demonstration: The Role of Actor Network Management and Knowledge Absorptive Capacity[J]. Operations Research and Management Science, 2023, 32(6): 233-239.

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