关键词: 院前急救, 救护车布局, 双覆盖模型, 繁忙率, 多时段

Abstract: he ambulance layout plays a decisive role in the response to the needs of the pre-hospital emergency services. This paper focuses on the optimal layout of ambulances with multi-period busy fractions. Based on the traditional DSM (the Double Standard Model), this paper considers the busy fraction of an ambulance, and therefore, proposes an improved model. First, we calculate the expected coverage of demands considering the busy fraction, and then combine the reality, and divide one day by morning and evening peaks into 5 periods to explore the different layout schemes in different periods. Using the real data of Songjiang District in 2014, this paper applies the improved model to carry out a systematic and in-depth empirical study, and draws the curve of the impact of busy fraction on the coverage rate of demand. The results show that the expected coverage of demands obtained by proposed layout scheme is 3.19% higher than the actual scheme, and 0.54% higher than DSM scheme. This proves the effectiveness of the improved model, and the demand coverage curve decreases with the increase of the busy fraction, which is consistent with the practical significance. The proposed model provides an intuitive and concise way to obtain the layout scheme, which is conducive to the improvement of pre-hospital emergency service level, and provides a strong guarantee for social security.

Key words: pre-hospital emergency, ambulance layout scheme, DSM, busy fraction, multi-period