关键词: 黄河流域, 生态协同发展, 五位一体, 福利水平

Abstract: The ecological coordinated development of the Yellow River Basin is a scientific path to achieving the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. The improvement of the level of ecological coordinated development can effectively narrow the development gap between regions and promote the improvement of people's livelihood. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately evaluate the level of ecological coordinated development in the Yellow River Basin and discuss the relationship between ecological coordinated development and welfare level to promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.
The study designs the indicator system of the level of ecological coordinated development, including four subsystems: economic growth, social development, ecological quality and environmental regulation. Then, it measures the level of ecological coordinated development of the Yellow River Basin by building a synergy degree model, including the ecological synergy degree of regional unit systems and the ecological synergy degree of complex systems, combines the classic feasible capacity theory with the “five in one” layout idea to build a measurement the index system suitable for the welfare level of the Yellow River Basin, and also measures the weight of the welfare index of the Yellow River Basin by using the entropy weight method. Moreover, it discusses the impact of ecological synergy on the welfare level of the Yellow River Basin and its regional heterogeneity.
The study finds that: First, the level of ecological coordinated development of cities in the Yellow River Basin is low, which means that the level of ecological coordinated development in all regions of the Yellow River Basin is poor, and the level of ecological coordinated development in all regions leaves great room for improvement. In addition, some cities have shown a downward trend in the level of ecological coordinated development, which indicates that the contradiction between the social and economic development of these cities and the ecological environment protection is more prominent. It is urgent to take relevant measures to improve the synergy of various subsystems and promote the coordinated development of the region. Second, the welfare level of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin and the whole basin has shown a fluctuating upward trend, and the welfare level of the lower reaches has always been higher than that of the upper and middle reaches. The welfare gap between the three subsystems is obvious, which is in line with the current situation of unbalanced development of the river basin in China and the large gap between regional economic development levels, and which also confirms that the level of coordinated development between the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin needs to be improved. Third, the ecological synergy degree of the Yellow River Basin has a positive effect on its welfare level, and presents different marginal effects between the upper, middle and lower reaches. The improvement of ecological synergy in the Yellow River Basin will gradually narrow the development gap between the upper, middle and lower reaches, effectively promote the improvement of people's livelihood in the Yellow River Basin, and promote the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. According to the research conclusions, the following suggestions are put forward: Strengthen the top-level strategic design of the Yellow River Basin, build a governance system for ecological coordinated development of the Yellow River Basin, strengthen the “five in one” welfare coordinated development, adhere to the development concept of ecological priority, explore the green development path of the Yellow River Basin, and promote the ecological environment protection of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: Yellow River Basin, ecological coordinated development, five in one, welfare level