关键词: 铁磁性设备, 传感器布阵, 旋转椭球体, 优化模型

Abstract: In this paper, the problem of sensor array around ferromagnetic equipment is studied. The mathematical model about optimization of positions and number of sensor is established, and the model is solved by genetic algorithm. First of all, we choose the rotational ellipsoid with less requirements for the number and distance of sensors as the model of far-field calculation of magnetic field. In the rotational ellipsoid model, improper sensor distribution will cause the condition number of the magnetic field calculation coefficient matrix to be too large, and the model will be ill-conditioned. So the calculated far-field magnetic results are not reliable. Therefore, in this paper, we take the condition number of coefficient matrix in the rotating ellipsoid model as the optimization objective, and then establish a mathematical model to optimize the number and position distribution of sensors above a single device. Secondly, we verifie through experiments that the model is effective for optimizing the position and number of sensors in a single piece of equipment. The number of sensors used is small, and results of the model are reliable. Finally, we generalize the optimization model to multiple pieces of equipment. Taking two pieces of equipment as the representative, the sensor positions are calculated by two methods of simultaneous optimization and separate optimization. According to the experiment and calculation, the two methods have high accuracy of far-field magnetic field calculation, but the method of separate optimization is more simple and easy to operate in the actual calculation.

Key words: ferromagnetic equipment, sensor array, rotational ellipsoid, optimization model