关键词: 院前急救, 成本效益, 多时段, 救护车布局

Abstract: There is a trade-off between emergency medical service level and resources. This paper takes emergency effect and cost into consideration,apply delay cost to describe emergency effect, and apply operational cost to describe emergency resources. At the same time, time-dependent demand, travel time and ambulance unavailability rate are taken into consideration. We establish an optimal model of multi-period ambulance location problem to minimize total social cost. Based on data from Songjiang district of Shanghai, the optimization results show that the total social cost of the optimized system is 32.23% lower than the original system under the high standard coverage of 80%. Compared with the static situation, the total cost decreases by 15.8%, the double coverage rate increases by 12.84%, and the variance of the vehicle's busy fraction in each periods decreases by 91.67%.

Key words: emergency medical service, cost-effective, multiple period, ambulance location