Abstract: With the intensification of competition in the port and shipping industry, the cooperation among ports and the vertical integration between ports and shipping companies are developing continuously. In particular, shipping companies participate in the resource integration among ports by means of acquisition or investment, forming a more complex mixed alliance between ports and shipping companies. In this paper, a revenue model based on competition and cooperation among ports and the vertical integration between ports and shipping companies is established for ports and shipping companies mixed alliance mode. The revenue of ports and shipping companies are compared under the regional port competition model and the mixed port and shipping company alliance model. Factors such as geographical location, inland transportation cost and investment effect of shipping companies are analyzed. The results show that the mixed alliance mode of ports and shipping companies will have a positive impact on both ports and shipping companies. When the infrastructure of collection and distribution between ports and inland areas is weak and the influence of shipping companies is great, non-cooperative ports will also benefit from the mixed alliance mode. At this time, the mixed mode is conducive to promoting the development of the whole regional port economy.

Key words: port resources integration, vertical integration of port and shipping company, mixed alliance, two-stage game

摘要： 随着港航业竞争的加剧,港口间的联盟与合作、港口与航运企业纵向一体化不断发展。尤其是,航运企业以收购或投资模式参与港口间的资源整合,形成了更为复杂的港航混合联盟。针对港口间的资源整合与竞争、航运企业与港口一体化等因素,构建港航混合联盟模式的收益模型,对比分析在区域港口竞争模式和港航混合联盟模式下港口和航运企业的收益变化,揭示地理位置、内陆运输成本、航运企业投资效果等因素的作用。结果表明,港航混合联盟模式能够实现整合港口和航运企业的双赢。同时,当港口与内陆的集疏运基础设施薄弱、航运企业的影响力较大时,非合作港口也会受益,此时港航横纵向混合联盟模式有利于推动整个区域港口经济的发展。

关键词: 港口资源整合, 港航纵向一体化, 混合联盟, 两阶段博弈