Abstract: Integrating low-carbon development into environmental protection is not only an important issue for today’s societal development, but also a crucial aspect of achieving sustainable development. Facing the challenges of global climate change, the carbon emission trading policy, as an essential market mechanism, plays a significant role in promoting low-carbon development and environmental protection. To delve deeper into the synergistic governance effect of the carbon emission trading policy on environmental pollution, this paper conducts a comprehensive evaluation of regional environmental pollution based on provincial panel data from 2000 to 2017. It further employs synthetic control and difference-in-differences methods to thoroughly analyze the effects and mechanisms of the carbon emission trading policy.
In the comprehensive evaluation of regional environmental pollution, this article takes into account multiple factors such as water pollution, carbon emissions, and sulfur dioxide emissions, conducting a comprehensive assessment of the degree and trends of environmental pollution. In the analysis of the impact of carbon emission trading policy, this article adopts the synthetic control method, which constructs a counterfactual framework to compare changes in environmental pollution before and after the implementation of carbon emission trading policy. The research finds that carbon emission trading policy can significantly reduce regional environmental pollution, and this policy effect exhibits a certain degree of heterogeneity among different regions. At the same time, this article further explores the impact mechanism of carbon emission trading policy. Through the analysis of the double difference method, it is found that the policy mainly improves regional environmental pollution through two paths: enhancing technological levels and optimizing energy structures.
Based on the research conclusions, this article proposes the following policy recommendations: (1)China should establish a carbon emission trading mechanism tailored to local conditions nationwide to fully leverage its role in reducing environmental pollution. Different regions and industries should formulate differentiated carbon emission trading policies and standards based on their own characteristics and development needs. (2)We should further improve and optimize the energy structure, to promote the development and application of clean energy. By increasing the research and development and promotion of clean energy technologies, and improving energy utilization efficiency, we can effectively reduce carbon emission and environmental pollution. (3)We should enhance technological vitality, encourage and support the research and application of environmental protection technologies. By increasing investment in technological innovation, promoting breakthroughs and transformational applications in environmental protection technologies, and improving the level of industrial environmental protection, we can provide strong support for the continuous improvement of environmental pollution.
This article provides useful references and insights for the formulation and implementation of environmental policies in China through an in-depth research and discussion on the synergistic governance effect of carbon emission trading policy on environmental pollution. This article takes into account the synergistic governance effect of policies, but the limitation lies in the insufficient comprehensiveness of the indicator system for describing environmental pollution. Future research can consider more factors such as air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution to more objectively describe the degree of environmental pollution. Furthermore, we can further explore the synergistic effect between carbon emission trading policy and other environmental policies such as environmental taxes, emission trading, etc., and how they jointly contribute to the governance of environmental pollution.

Key words: carbon emission trading, collaborative governance, environmental pollution, synthetic control method

摘要： 统筹低碳发展和环境保护是实现协同发展的重要内容,碳排放权交易政策是否具有环境污染的协同治理效应探讨将是对环境政策协同治理效果研究的有效补充。基于2000—2017年省级面板数据,本文对区域环境污染展开综合评价,并采取合成控制法研究碳排放权交易政策对区域环境污染的影响效应,采用双重差分法分析碳排放权交易试点政策对环境污染的影响机制。研究表明碳排放权交易政策可以显著降低区域环境污染,政策效应具有异质性,同时碳排放权交易政策通过提升技术、优化能源结构两条路径改善环境污染。因此我国应在全国范围内因地制宜建立碳排放权交易机制,完善优化能源结构、提升技术活力的相关制度体系。

关键词: 碳排放权交易, 协同治理, 环境污染, 合成控制法