Abstract: In the view of the multiple pressures from the organizational environment, this paper studies the evolutionary game processes by building a model of knowledge sharing, difficult pressures and compensation mechanism. By solving replicator dynamics equation and Jacobian matrix, and conducting simulation,we find that time pressure and peer pressure are significant to knowledge sharing; time pressure has a negative impact on knowledge sharing by affecting the time cost of the sharer, while peer pressure has a positive impact on knowledge sharing by enabling the sharer to gain peer group identification; compensation mechanism can improve knowledge sharing effectively; the initial states of the system plays a crucial role in the evolutionary process. Finally, the practical implications are discussed.

Key words: knowledge sharing, evolutionary game, time pressure, peer pressure, compensation mechanism

摘要： 以往对于知识分享影响因素的研究并不少见,但从员工所面临的来自组织环境的多重压力出发,采用演化博弈理论进行分析的研究仍是空白。本文引入时间压力、同辈压力和补偿机制,构建组织内员工知识分享的演化博弈动态模型,通过求解复制动态方程得到演化博弈的稳定均衡解,再进行数值模拟。研究结果表明,时间压力和同辈压力是知识分享的重要影响因素。其中,时间压力通过影响分享者的时间成本而对知识分享产生负向影响,同辈压力通过让分享者获得同辈群体的认可而对知识分享产生正向影响;补偿机制能够有效地促进知识分享行为的发生。此外,系统的初始状态对系统的演化结果也具有显著影响。最后,针对组织实际提出管理建议。

关键词: 知识分享, 演化博弈, 时间压力, 同辈压力, 补偿机制