Abstract: After reviewing the influences of the shape parameters, envelope parameters, and functional layouts of abuilding, the Analytic Hierarchy Process is utilized to qualify its descriptive function objective, and a green building multi-objective optimization model (GBMOO) is developed, whose objectives include building energy consumption, cost and function. Considering the discretization of the variables in the model, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to avoid local optimum, improved by the neighborhood topology structure. A Pareto solution set is obtained by it. Mahalanobis distance and combination weights are introduced in the multi-attribute decision-making method to sort the optimal solutions. A case study reveals this model is suitable and shows that the green design can be implemented by this optimization model, keeping lower energy consumption and lower cost while ensuring a certain function.

Key words: green building, conceptual design, multi-objective optimization model, particle swarm optimization algorithm, multi-attribute decision making

摘要： 综合考虑建筑物的体型参数、围护结构参数和功能布局的影响,运用层次分析法将描述性的功能目标转化为定量值,建立绿色建筑前期设计阶段的能耗、成本和功能的多目标优化模型。针对模型变量的离散性,以邻域拓扑结构改进粒子群算法,防止陷入局部最优,得到绿色建筑方案的Pareto解集。在绿色建筑多属性决策中引入马氏距离与组合赋权方法,对最优方案进行排序决策。通过案例分析验证该模型的效果,在保证一定功能的前提下,可获得较低的能耗和成本,实现绿色建筑设计理念。

关键词: 绿色建筑, 方案设计, 多目标优化模型, 粒子群优化算法, 多属性决策