Abstract: Over the years, the passenger throughput of civil airports has been increasing rapidly. Meanwhile, also increasing are the working pressure of airport security departments and waiting time of passengers. One of the possible solutions to the problem is introducing classified security inspection mode.However, classified security inspection mode usually requires additional investment costs, which may generate a large financial burden. Therefore, this paper studies the comparison between classified and traditional security inspection mode, considering the cost as the target, the requirements of waiting time of passengers and security level comprehensively. We also solve the issues about the optimal decision-making nature and other related issues. Firstly, considering the constraints of security level and waiting time of passengers, the models of two security inspection modes are established respectively, and the properties of the optimal operation decision are analyzed. Secondly, from the perspective of cost, it is compared between the two security inspection modes. The results show that when the number of passengers is large, the tolerance for security mistakes is high or the passengers are sensitive to waiting, and the classified security inspection mode performs better than the traditional one. On the contrary, the traditional security inspection mode is much better. In addition, in the classified security inspection mode, the optimal proportion of passengers assigned to high-risk security inspection channels is usually between 20% and 30%. Finally, the optimal service configuration of classified security inspection mode is verified by numerical analysis.

Key words: classified security inspection, waiting time, security level, queueing theory, cost, passenger risk classes

摘要： 近年来,随着民航机场旅客吞吐量快速增加,机场安检部门的工作压力正不断加大,旅客等待时间也正在逐渐增加。针对该问题,引入了分类安检模式。然而,分类安检模式通常需要额外的投资成本,可能会产生较大的财务负担。因此,以成本为目标,综合考虑旅客等待时间和安全水平的要求,研究了分类安检模式和传统安检模式的比较以及最优决策性质等相关问题。首先,考虑安全水平和旅客等待时间的约束,分别为传统安检模式和分类安检模式建立了模型,并分析了其最优运营决策性质。其次,从成本的角度,对两种安检模式做了比较研究。研究结果表明,当旅客数量多、安检犯错容忍度较高或旅客等待敏感时,分类安检模式比传统安检模式表现更优;反之,传统安检模式更优。此外,在分类安检模式中,分配到高风险安检通道的旅客比例存在一个最优值,并且其通常在20%到30%之间取到。最后,通过数值分析验证了分类安检模式的最优服务配置。

关键词: 分类安检, 等待时间, 安全水平, 排队系统, 成本, 旅客风险等级