Abstract: The “Connecting Agriculture with Supermarket” mode has become an important form of agricultural products in food circulation among cities and countries in China. Recently, supermarkets of China are developing rapidly, and some key issues such as low efficiency and unfairness ration of profit division need to be addressed. For these issues, we set up a simple cooperative game model for studying a supply chain system which contains a distribution center and n supermarkets. Firstly, the distribution center arranges the inventory resources corresponding to each supermarket through some proprietary and shared inventory capacities, and we show that such an inventory design can effectively improve the profits for this distribution center and the supermarkets. Secondly, we apply the Shapley value, the weighted Shapley value and the Owen value to allocate the profit in the supply chain to the distribution center and each supermarket, respectively. Our purpose is to provide the incentive mechanism design for the agricultural supply chain coordination. Finally, we use some numerical examples to indicate that the profit allocation strategy is not only simple but also easy to operate in practice.

Key words: supply chain, cooperative game, Shapley value, weighted Shapley value, Owen value

摘要： “农超对接”已经成为我国农产品在城市与乡村等地流通的重要形式,近年来我国超市业发展迅速但也出现了效率低与利润分配不公等关键问题迫切需要解决。为此,本文提出了一个简单的合作博弈模型:由1个配送中心和n个超市构成一个供应链系统。首先,我们通过配送中心对这n个超市配置库存资源:专项使用库存与共享使用库存,并表明这能够有效地提高配送中心与各个超市的利润。其次,我们分别地利用Shapley值、加权Shapley值和Owen值对供应链系统中配送中心与各个超市进行合理的利润分配,并期望提供农产品供应链的合作与协调的激励机制设计。最后,我们也提供了一些数值算例来表明这些利润分配方案是简单且易操作的。

关键词: 供应链, 合作博弈, Shapley值, 加权Shapley值, Owen值