Abstract: Under the motivation of standard diffusion, we design a kind of three-party partnership structure, composed by a common supplier and two downstream firms, for standard-setting alliances. We analyze the impacts and the validity of this partnership structure on accelerating the diffusion of standards. Furthermore, the necessary conditions and the stability of the equilibrium are also detected. Based on the related results, a new type of diffusion mechanism for technology standard is proposed from the aspect of internal partner structure construction in alliance. Three main findings are obtained in this paper. First, the three-party partner structure, in which the structural hole position is occupied by the common supplier, is indeed helpful to accelerate technology standard’s diffusion under long time game mode. And, the contribution is dependent on the values of two-way knowledge transfers happen through the structural hole. Second, there exist necessary conditions to sustain the win-win equilibrium. That is, all the three partners should conduct the critical values about knowledge disclosures simultaneously. Third, the stability of the equilibrium is influenced by the technology proximity between the supplier and downstream firms, as well as by the value of proprietary knowledge owned by downstream firms. Furthermore, the influence coming from common supplier on alliance stability is higher than that of the manufactures when technology proximity between supplier and manufactures are relatively high.

Key words: technology standard, diffusion, alliance, structural hole, knowledge spillover

摘要： 在技术标准扩散动机下,为技术标准联盟设计了一种“以公共供应商为结构洞的、由上下游企业共同组成的三元伙伴结构,分析了这种伙伴结构对于技术标准扩散的影响方式以及有效性,并讨论了共赢结果的实现条件以及稳定性,从而从技术标准联盟内部伙伴关系建构的角度,提出了新的内源性技术标准扩散机制。研究结论主要有三个:第一,技术标准联盟中以公共供应商为结构洞的长期性上下游伙伴结构对于加速技术标准扩散具有内源性促进作用,贡献度取决于以结构洞为中介的双向知识流动比率的大小;第二,共赢结果的实现条件为:三方伙伴同时遵守关于双向知识流动比率的临界值;第三,共赢结果的稳定性取决于供应商与生产商之间的技术相似程度以及生产商专有知识的价值性等因素,而且上下游伙伴之间的技术相似度越高,则供应商对于合作均衡稳定性的决定作用就越大于生产商。

关键词: 技术标准, 扩散, 联盟, 结构洞, 知识溢出