关键词: 森林火灾, 资源受限, 应急救援, 多目标优化, ε-约束法

Abstract: Many forest fire disasters cannot be extinguished in a short time due to limited emergency rescue resources, leading to the spread of fire and the loss of forest resources. Therefore, how to reasonably dispatch fire-fighting rescue vehicles to efficiently extinguish fire points at a low cost has become a practical problem. For this problem, this paper instigates a novel multi-objective forest fires emergency scheduling problem subject to limited rescue resources. First, we develop a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model to minimize the total extinguishing rescue time and the total travel distance of the rescue vehicles, simultaneously. To efficiently solve it, the nonlinear model is then transformed into an equivalent linear model. Then, we propose an ε-constraint and fuzzy-logic combined method to solve the linear model, in which the ε-constraint method obtains the Pareto front and the fuzzy-logic method recommend a preferred Pareto-optimal solution. Finally, numerical experiments on a real forest fire case in Daxing’anling, China and randomly-generated instances are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. The computational results show that our proposed model and algorithm can effectively solve the multi-objective forest fires emergency rescue scheduling problem under resource constraints, and provide decision-makers with the most preferred emergency scheduling scheme.

Key words: forest fires, resource constraints, emergency rescue, multi-objective optimization, ε-constraint