Abstract: With the rapid development of modern sharing economy, platform economy and digital economy, the integration of digital technology into manufacturing enterprises is deepening. Based on the perspective of digital technology empowerment, digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises around the capacity sharing platform has become a new mode of digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. In this mode, manufacturing enterprises will access their capacity information to the online platform in real time, provide capacity for the demander, realize capacity sharing, use digital technology to carry out digital upgrading (establish enterprise digital ID cards, upgrade enterprise online management capabilities, and guarantee enterprise digital transactions, etc.), and obtain additional orders through the platform, so as to improve revenue, expand network externality, and enhance enterprise core competitiveness. However, many enterprises are hesitant to implement digital upgrading due to the pressure of cost input and income uncertainty. Manufacturing enterprises are usually cautious about the impact of digital upgrading on their core competitiveness.
　This paper discusses the basic concept of digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises around the capacity sharing platform, which is different from the mode of digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises alone. The digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises based on the capacity sharing platform is an evolutionary game process in which all stakeholders interact through the capacity sharing platform. In order to analyze the digital upgrading process of manufacturing enterprises around the capacity sharing platform, we build an evolutionary game model for capacity sharing enterprises to implement digital upgrading, explore the evolution and stability strategy set of enterprises under the two situations of implementing digital upgrading and not implementing digital upgrading, infer the dynamic evolution path and main influencing factors of implementing digital upgrading, use Matlab to simulate the evolutionary game model, compare and analyze the impact of parameter changes on the evolution results, so as to provide effective theoretical support for the digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises.
　The results show that potential order return, platform subsidy coefficient, expected return coefficient, upgrade investment risk coefficient, equipment technology similarity and order loss cost have a significant impact on the strategic evolution results of both sides of the game. Among them, increasing potential order return, platform subsidy, and expected return, enhancing equipment technology similarity, reducing upgrade investment risk and order loss cost can all promote the digital upgrading of manufacturing enterprises. When the initial probability of one side of the game choosing the strategy of “implementing digital upgrading” is high, all stakeholders will eventually show a stable evolutionary state (1,1) through continuous learning and adjustment of their own behavior strategies, which is the equilibrium state between manufacturing enterprises and homogeneous enterprises (implementing digital upgrading, implementing digital upgrading). For manufacturing enterprises around the platform, before implementing digital upgrading, enterprises need to conduct prior research on the equipment environment and personnel technology of other homogeneous enterprises on the platform to understand the production capacity and equipment technology similarity of homogeneous enterprises around the platform. With the evolution of the digital upgrading process, enterprises should learn from the digital upgrading process of homogeneous enterprises in the digital upgrading process, enhance enterprise confidence, ultimately achieve win-win, and promote the digital upgrading of enterprises.

Key words: evolutionary game, digital upgrading, capacity sharing, digital technology empowerment

摘要： 生产能力共享离不开平台和数字技术,基于数字技术赋能视角,分析围绕产能共享平台的制造企业数字化升级过程,构建产能共享企业实施数字化升级的演化博弈模型,探讨企业在实施数字化升级和不实施数字化升级两种情形下的演化稳定策略集,推断实施数字化升级的动态演化路径和主要影响因素,用Matlab对演化博弈模型进行模拟仿真,比较分析各参数变化对演化结果的影响。结果表明:潜在订单收益率、平台补贴系数、预期收益系数、升级投入风险系数、设备技术相似度以及订单损失成本等对博弈双方的策略演化结果有显著影响,并根据产能共享企业实际,提出相应建议,增强企业数字化信心。

关键词: 演化博弈, 数字化升级, 产能共享, 数字技术赋能