Abstract: In manufacturing systems, demand is both price-sensitive and lead time-sensitive. Furthermore, consumers are heterogeneous in their sensitivities to lead time. In this paper, we investigate a manufacturing system's optimal pricing in monopoly environment via queue theory, in which the machine is disrupted by failures and consumers are strategic. We prove the existence of optimal price and design the solving method. We discuss the influences of manufacturing costs, repair costs per time, machine failure frequency and mean repair time on the actual purchasing scale, the optimal price and the maximum profit, respectively. Numerical studies reveal that the length of repair time imposes greater impact on maximum profit than machine failure frequency does.

Key words: strategic consumer behavior, machine failure, queueing system, optimal pricing

摘要： 在加工系统中,顾客的决策行为不仅受价格影响,同时对交货时间敏感,而且不同的顾客对时间具有不同的敏感程度。本文采用排队理论,研究了垄断环境中策略顾客行为和机器故障干扰的加工系统最优定价问题,证明了最优定价的存在性,设计了最优定价的求解方法。通过数值算例,讨论了实际需求比例、最优定价和最大利润关于加工成本、单位时间维修成本、机器故障频率和平均维修时间的变化规律。数值结果说明机器故障修复时间增加比故障频率增加对企业利润造成影响更大。

关键词: 顾客策略行为, 机器故障, 排队系统, 最优定价