Abstract: For the natural gas residential customer, establishing appropriate time-of-use natural gas price, it can shift peak load, and ensure the gas pipelines securely and stably operate. The reaction curve of residential customer and function of satisfaction index are constructed, and then based on this, to minimize the maximum peak load as well as the difference peak load and valley load, and maximize customer satisfaction, the optimized model of Time-of-use price are established on the demanding side. The improved ant colony algorithm is adopted to solve the model, the algorithm has good convergence, and also avoids the shortcoming of local optimum. In ensuring fairness and efficiency, both the customer and gas company can benefit at the same time. The results show the existence of an optimal price for peak, flat and valley, and the customer satisfaction can be maximized, the maximum peak load as well as the difference of peak load and valley load can be reduced effectively, which verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the model. This method provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable natural gas pricing mechanism and the establishment of policies.

Key words: time-of-use pricing, natural gas pricing model, multi-objective optimizing, ant colony algorithm, residential customer

摘要： 针对天然气的居民用户制定合理的峰谷分时气价,能有效地削峰填谷,从而保证燃气管道安全稳定地运行。本文构建用户需求响应和满意度函数,并在此基础上建立以最小化最大峰负荷和峰谷负荷差,及最大化用户满意度为目标的需求侧峰谷分时气价优化模型。采用蚁群算法对模型进行求解,该算法收敛性较好,同时也避免局部最优的缺点。算例结果表明,在兼顾公平与效率的前提下,峰谷分时气价模型能有效地降低最大峰负荷和峰谷负荷差,同时存在最优的峰、平、谷价格,使得用户满意度最大;另外本文也验证了模型的有效性及可行性。此方法为天然气合理定价机制的建立及政策的制定提供了理论依据。

关键词: 峰谷分时定价, 天然气定价模型, 多目标优化, 蚁群算法, 居民用户