Abstract: With the rapid development of social economy, the problems of environmental pollution and resource shortage are increasingly prominent. In order to improve the recycling rate of resources and achieve sustainable development, China issued the “Implementation Plan for the Extended Producer Responsibility System” in 2016, which required manufacturers to recycle and reuse waste products, and also promoted the development of remanufacturing industry. However, many original manufacturers are unwilling to engage in remanufacturing activities for the sake of brand protection or maintaining core competitiveness, so they authorize remanufacturing to professional remanufacturers. In reality, on the one hand, more and more enterprises pay more attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR) while pursuing profits in order to achieve sustainable development. On the other hand, while pursuing economic benefits and fulfilling CSR, enterprises will also pay attention to the fairness of profit distribution in supply chain channels, that is, enterprises will pay attention to not only the gains and losses of their own interests, but also the profit gap with other members.
Therefore, this paper raises the following research questions: Firstly, how does the two-way CSR investment of original manufacturer and remanufacturer affect the differential pricing, recycling decision and performance of closed-loop supply chain? Secondly, how does the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer affect the CSR investment level, patent fees, and the differential pricing strategy of new products and remanufactured products of closed-loop supply chain members? Thirdly, what are the differences in the impact of remanufacturer's fairness concerns about information symmetry on differential pricing strategies and performance in closed-loop supply chains?
In order to solve the above problems, based on the closed-loop supply chain with remanufacturing authorization, this paper constructs the differential pricing decision models of closed-loop supply chain with fairness neutrality, fairness concerns & information symmetry and asymmetry. Through the comparative analysis of the equilibrium results of the three models, the following conclusions are drawn: The CSR investment level, patent fees and new product pricing of the original manufacturer are negatively related to the fairness concerns level. When the fairness concerns information is asymmetric, the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer has no impact on the decision of original manufacturer, while its own reverse CSR investment level and waste recycling price are negatively related to the fairness concerns level. Moreover, whether the information of fairness concerns is symmetrical or not, the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer will promote the price reduction of remanufactured products and the reduction of sales of new products. The fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer will harm the interests of original manufacturer and whole closed-loop supply chain, and only when the fairness concerns information is symmetrical, the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer will benefit itself. The research in this paper provides a theoretical reference for pricing decisions in closed-loop supply chains considering fairness concerns and CSR behavior.
The future research can explore the impact of the two-way CSR investment competition behavior of original manufacturer or remanufacturer and the fairness concerns behavior of different members on the pricing decision and operation of closed-loop supply chain.

Key words: fairness concerns, corporate social responsibility, closed-loop supply chain, differential pricing, patent authorization

摘要： 研究原制造商和再制造商双向CSR(企业社会责任)投入下,考虑再制造商公平关切的新产品与再制品差别定价问题。分别构建了公平中性、公平关切信息对称与不对称的闭环供应链差别定价决策模型。分析了再制造商的公平关切行为及消费者的双向CSR敏感程度对闭环供应链差别定价与绩效的影响。研究表明:原制造商的CSR投入水平、专利费用及新产品定价与公平关切程度负相关。当公平关切信息不对称时,再制造商的公平关切行为仅会对自身的逆向CSR投入水平、废旧品回收价格产生负面影响。无论公平关切信息对称与否,再制造商的公平关切行为均会促使再制造品降价、新产品销量减少。再制造商的公平关切行为会损害原制造商及闭环供应链整体的利益,并且仅在公平关切信息对称时,再制造商的公平关切行为才对自身有利。

关键词: 公平关切, 企业社会责任, 闭环供应链, 差别定价, 专利授权