Abstract: The deepening of urbanization and the aggravation of environmental pollution in China, render it all the more urgent to evaluate and improve business performance of urban water enterprises scientifically. So, this paper selects 12 representative urban water enterprises from the aspects of their regional distribution, quantitative distribution and comprehensive strength based on enterprise types by using DEA model to evaluate their business performance from 2012 to 2014. Results show that the overall efficiency of the sample water enterprises is not high,in which business performance of 6 enterprises achieves the optimal; 5 enterprises with pure technology efficiency and scale efficiency invalid exist at the same time; the remaining 1 enterprise is of valid pure technology efficiency and invalid scale efficiency. In addition, there exist gaps in business performance of different urban water enterprises, and private enterprises’ performance is superior to that of state-owned enterprises. To improve business performance of water enterprises, this paper makes the following policy recommendations: state-owned enterprises need to strengthen technology research and improve the efficiency of management, while private enterprises should expand the market actively, and both ought to establish the community of common interests.

Key words: urban water enterprises, enterprise types, performance evaluation, DEA model

摘要： 我国城镇化进程的日益深化以及环境污染的日益严峻,使得科学评价并提升城市水务企业经营绩效成为当务之急。基于企业类型的维度,从城市水务企业区域分布、数量分布及综合实力等方面选取了12家代表性企业,运用DEA模型对其2012-2014年度的经营绩效进行了评价。结果表明:2012~2014年样本水务企业的整体绩效水平不高,其中有6家经营绩效达到最优水平,有5家纯技术效率与规模效率无效同时存在,其余1家纯技术效率有效而规模效率无效。另外,不同类型的水务企业经营绩效存在着差距,民营企业优于国有企业;基于评价结果提出了“国有企业应加强技术研发与提高管理效率、民营企业应积极开拓市场以及建立两类水务企业的利益共同体”等政策建议,以期提升水务企业经营绩效。

关键词: 城市水务企业, 企业类型, 绩效评价, DEA模型