Table of Content

25 August 2018, Volume 27 Issue 8

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Theory Analysis and Methodology Study

Research on Vehicle Routing for Hazardous Materials Transportation Based on Catastrophe Avoidance

ZHANG Meng, WANG Neng-min

2018, 27(8):  1-9.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0174

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Based on the principles of catastrophe avoidance, a bi-objective vehicle routing model for hazardous materials transportation with actual loading dependent incident consequence is developed, minimizing the maximum incident consequence and transportation cost simultaneously. The exact algorithm to obtain the Pareto optimal solutions is developed based on ε-constraint method. Three improvements are developed for this exact algorithm, including a simple method to obtain the lower bound of ε by a property, a post-processing to avoid dominated points, and forbidding constraints on infeasible paths. A polynomial time approximation algorithm is developed to deal with large scale problems, and the approximation ratio is analyzed. Finally, the model and algorithms are tested by instances, and the managerial insights are derived from the sensitivity analysis.

Research on Logistics Vehicle Routing Optimum Problems with Partial Combined Transport Strategy

LIU Yan-qiu , XU Shi-da, CAI Chao

2018, 27(8):  10-19.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0175

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We analyze the characteristic of logistics vehicle routing optimum problems, and propose a partial combined transport strategy of collaborative transportation with self-support logistics and third party logistic. Customer nodes are classified into certain types according to their characteristic of demand. An integer linear programming model is proposed,and the objective function is to minimize the total costs including the fixed costs of self-support vehicles , the transportation costs of self-support vehicles and the transportation costs of 3PL vehicles.Based on the transportation mode of the different customer nodes, an improved ACO algorithm by improving the coding mode and possible selection(ACO-nso)is proposed, and we compare the results obtained by ACO-nso algorithm , EA(enumeration method)method and GA( genetic algorithm) algorithm.It is shown that the model and ACO-nso algorithm improved in this paper require a shorter time of calculation and better global searching ability than traditional intelligent optimization algorithms. ACO-nso algorithm is an efficient algorithm for solving this kind of problem.

Vehicle Routing Problem with Multiple Fuzzy Time Windows Based on Traffic Flow

CAO Qing-kui ,YANG Kai-wen, REN Xiang-yang, ZHAO Li-fei

2018, 27(8):  20-26.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0176

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A multi-fuzzy time window vehicle routing problem based on traffic flow is investigated in this paper. The dynamic change of traffic flow and the fuzzy time window of customers are considered. A multi-fuzzy time window vehicle routing model based on time-varying traffic flow is proposed, and the objective function is to minimize the total cost of distribution and maximize customer satisfaction. According to the basic principle of Ito algorithm, an improved Ito algorithm for solving the model is designed. We further do simulation on an example, and compare the results obtained by Ito algorithm and ant colony algorithm. The results show that the improved Ito algorithm to solve multi-fuzzy time window vehicle routing problem based on traffic flow has the advantages of small number of iterations and high efficiency, and it can converge to the global optimal solution in a short time. The improved Ito algorithm is an efficient algorithm for solving vehicle routing problem with multiple fuzzy time windows.

Optimization of Combination of Online Shopping Goods and Multi-delivery Services

CHENG Jian-nan, YANG Zhong-zheng

2018, 27(8):  27-31.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0177

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The delivery service of online shopping, which is bundled with online sales, is not flexible enough to satisfy the diversified customer’s demand and makes the express service providers to suffer from a huge loss of potential market. This paper proposes a new business mode for online shopping, namely bundle sales of goods and delivery service with the objective to expand e-commerce market and boost the profit of express service providers and raise express competitiveness in service differentiation. By in-depth market segmentation, survey on clients’ demand, an optimization model for bundling the goods and delivery services is established based on clients’ choice behaviors and by taking the benefits of online stores, express service providers as well as shoppers into account. With the data collected by SP survey, the model can maximize the profit of the express service providers by optimizing the bundles and determines the equilibrium selling price. Numerical solutions accurately reveal the relationships among the bundles of goods+delivery service, the profit of express service providers and clients’ behavior of express service choices when do online shopping.

Operation Strategies of a Dual-channel Closed-loop Supply Chain with a Risk-averse Retailer

GUO Jin-sen, ZHOU Yong-wu, REN Ming-ming, HAI Ben-lu

2018, 27(8):  32-40.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0178

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In the case of symmetric information framework, a dual-channel closed-loop supply chain model is considered, in which the retailer is risk-averse. By the Stackelberg game theory, the different recovery and remanufacturing modes(recovered by nobody, the manufacturer or the retailer)are constructed to dispose the supply chain operation decision problem. It is showed that the risk neutral manufacturer is more willing to cooperate with the risk-averse retailer. Compared with the three different recovery and remanufacturing modes, it shows that the strategy of recovery and remanufacturing can effectively increases the two partners’ profit. Finally, we provide a detailed numerical example to illustrate the mode and give some meaningful management implications.

Price Decision-making and Coordination in a Closed-loop Supply Chain Model with Extended Warranty Service

ZOU Qing-ming, LIU Meng-ya

2018, 27(8):  41-49.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0179

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In a closed-loop supply chain constituted by a manufacturer and retailer, This study investigates the pricing decision and the efficiency of the supply chain with different extended warranty (EW) modes. The revenue-sharing contract considering the satisfaction of participants is designed to coordinate the supply chain. The results show that with EW provided by the retailer, despite the same EW service cost and the decentralized decision-making mode, the retail price and the wholesale price are lower, while higher are the sales, the recycling rate, the EW price, the profit of each member, and the total profit; No matter what mode of EW is provided, compared with centralized decision, the retail price is higher, while lower are the recycling rate, the EW price, and the profit of the while system when decentralized decision is implemented. Based on the absolute deviation approach, a revenue-sharing contract considering the satisfaction of participants is designed to coordinate the closed-loop supply chain. A numerical example is provided to verify the correctness of the conclusions.

Model for Emergency Rescuers Assignment Considering Multiple Disaster Areas

LI Ming-yang, QU Xiao-ning, LI Bo, CAO Ping-ping

2018, 27(8):  50-56.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0180

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For the assignment problem of emergency rescuers with multiple disaster areas, a model for the assignment of rescuers is proposed. Firstly, according to the criterion value of rescuers for each capability evaluation criterion, the competence degrees of rescuers with respect to the rescue tasks of different disaster areas are calculated. Secondly, according to how long rescuers take to reach disaster areas, the satisfaction degrees for rescue time are calculated. In addition, the competence degrees of rescuers for disaster areas and the satisfaction degrees for rescue time are integrated, and the comprehensive matching degrees between rescuers and multiple disaster areas can be obtained. Furthermore, to maximize the comprehensive matching degrees, an optimization model for the emergency rescuers assignment problem is constructed, and the optimal assignment result for rescuers can be obtained by solving the optimization model. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the use of the proposed model for the assignment of rescuers.

Multi-Attribute Decision Making Based on Ordered Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers Grey Correlation TOPSIS Method

BAO Siqintana, QI Er-shi

2018, 27(8):  57-62.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0181

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A grey correlation TOPSIS method for multi-attribute decision making is investigated in which the uncertain linguistic variables are represented by ordered trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Firstly, the preference values for an alternative on each criteria are represented with ordered trapezoidal fuzzy numbers with an extra “orientation” attribute, which make the decision information more expressive. Then we put forward the multi-attribute grey correlation TOPSIS method based on ordered trapezoidal fuzzy environment, and introduce the combination of distance and grey correlation degree in the similarity degree formula to ensure the consistency of location and curve shape of optimal scheme and ideal scheme. Finally, the result of manufacturing flow control example illustrates the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed extended TOPSIS method.

Pricing Strategy and Inventory Decision for Alternative Products under Search Cost

BI Wen-jie, WU Hu-long

2018, 27(8):  63-70.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0182

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Aiming to solve a pricing and inventory problem which takes search cost into account, this paper constructs an optimization model based on Markov decision process from consumer’s utility and companies’ revenue perspective. As for consumers, we make an analysis of purchasing and searching conditions, and also study the changing tendency of consumers’ reservation utility and the purchase probability of corresponding products under fixed search cost or decreasing marginal search cost respectively. Besides, different from many other researchers, we assume that it is not certain that consumers will complete all their products’ search before they make a purchase due to research cost. In terms of companies, we build and solve revenue models and inventory model in different search order settings, then extend them to dynamic pricing environment, so as to provide better pricing and inventory decision support.

A Multi-objective Decision Based on the Sustainable Manufacturing Process of Product

DONG Ya-wen, REN Hui

2018, 27(8):  71-78.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0183

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The impact of product manufacturing process on the economic, environmental and social aspects is studied in order to make the manufacturing process sustainable. With resource constraints, considering the proportion of recyclable materials in the product manufacturing process, and combining the number of the operators in the manufacturing process, the production costs, emissions and the workload of one worker are optimized comprehensively in the product manufacturing process. A multi-objective optimization model is established, and the specialized non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is designed to obtain the global Pareto optimal solution set. By sensitivity analysis, the reasonable values of the weight coefficients in the model, the impacts of the operators, recyclable materials and the unit cost of original materials on the model results are obtained. The work provides basis for decision makers to make product sustainable manufacturing decisions. In the paper, with the quantitative analysis method, the sustainable manufacturing decision theory is further researched.

River Crossing Problem on Graphs with Cover Number at Most Three

ZHU Kai-li, SHAN Er-fang

2018, 27(8):  79-83.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0184

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More than 1000 years ago, Alcuin of York proposed a classical puzzle involving a wolf, a goat and a bunch of cabbages that needed to be ferried across a river using a boat that only had enough room for one of them. In 2006, Prisner considered a transportation planning problem that generalizes Alcuin’s river crossing problem to scenarios with arbitrary conflict graphs. In a conflict graph G=(V,E), two vertices (items) of V are connected by an edge in E if and only if they are conflicting, and thus they cannot be left together without human supervision. A feasible schedule on a graphG=(V,E) is a plan that all items of V can be ferried across a river unhurt. The Alcuin number of G is the smallest possible capacity of a boat for which the graph G possesses a feasible schedule. In this paper we investigate the Alcuin number of connected graphs with cover number at most three and give a complete characterization on the Alcuin number for the graphs.

Shilling Attack Detection Approach Based on Asymmetric Semi-supervised Ensemble SVM

LV Cheng-shu

2018, 27(8):  84-91.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0185

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Driven by the significant economic benefits of the recommendation system in the field of electronic commerce, malicious users implement shilling attacks for the purpose of illegal profit making, manipulate and change the recommendation results. Recommendation system faces major security threats, so how to detect shilling attacks becomes crucial to guarantee the security of recommender system. Shilling attack detection method based on traditional support vector machine is challenged by the small sample problem and the asymmetric distribution problems. This paper proposes an asymmetric ensemble method with semi-supervised SVM for detecting shilling attacks to address these problems. In the first stage, I use support vector machine (SVM) as the basic classifier, and in the second stage us KNN classifier to improve the quality of the new training examples which are transformed from the boundary vectors, and unlabeled data are presented to produce a number of semi-supervised classifiers. Then by the asymmetric semi-supervised ensemble strategies, these classifiers are combined .The ensemble classification model pays more attention to the positive samples than the negative ones. The proposed approach is applied to benchmark problems, and the simulation results show its validity.

An ABS Algorithm for Eigenvalue Complementarity Problem

HUANG Di-shuai, HAN Hai-shan

2018, 27(8):  92-98.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0186

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An ABS algorithm is a projection algorithm with three parameters for solving linear equations, constructed by Abaffy, Broyden and Spedicato in the early 1980s. It is a kind of finite iterative direct method. At present, the ABS algorithm can solve not only the linear and nonlinear equations, but the linear programming and nonlinear programming problems with linear constraints as well. This paper is an attempt to solve the eigenvalue complementarity problem by ABS algorithm. The ABS algorithm for solving the eigenvalue complementarity problem is constructed and the convergence of the algorithm is proved. Numerical examples are presented to indicate the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Transmission Performance Optimization of Dual-Cavity Half Toroidal CVT through IEW & TOPSIS

ZHANG Qing-gong, ZHANG Jun-fu, LIU Yu

2018, 27(8):  99-104.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0187

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According to the structure feature and application background of dual-cavity half toroidal CVT, an optimization model with objective functions of the split-torque ratio of input torque and the ratio of output torque to input torque is established. Pareto-optimal solutions of this model are obtained by means of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with the elite strategy(NSGA-II). To determine the best Pareto-optimal solution, firstly the decision matrix is constructed by the Pareto-optimal solutions, then the weights of attributes are calculated by objective information entropy weight(IEW) approach, and finally the Pareto-optimal solutions are ranked through technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS). The values of the design variables in the best Pareto-optimal solution are substituted for the expressions for the split-torque ratio of input torque, and the ratio of output torque to input torque and transmission efficiency. The characteristic curves on the three performance indicators are drawn by MATLAB. The result shows that the best Pareto-optimal solution decided by TOPSIS can make dual-cavity half toroidal CVT high-efficiently transmit, output high torque and have continuously variable unit bear smaller input torque.

Application Research

Model of Suspect Encirclement Problem with Road Junction Occupying Decision

ZHOU Wei-gang, FENG Qian-qian, CHEN Shi-jun

2018, 27(8):  105-108.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0188

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This paper studies a traffic and patrol police’s suspect encirclement problem, which is a part of Problem B of 2011 China Undergraduate Mathematical Contest in Modeling. Different from the existing research papers which study this problem, we assume the police can occupy some road junctions within the police circle. The suspect can’t drive through the occupied junctions, which lets the police to have more time to form the circle. Three hybrid 0-1 nonlinear integer programming models with different objective functions of suspect encirclement problem with road junction occupying decision are developed, which are based on the result about vertex-set judgement and the method of modeling road junction occupying decision from two related papers. Through choosing some linear constraints together with the objective function to form a 0-1 linear integer programming model, we develop an algorithm, which is based on the methods of solving hybrid 0-1 linear integer programming model. A numerical example is provided.

The Linkage Relationship between Energy Price and Carbon Price under Different Paths

SONG Ya-zhi, LIANG Da-peng, SONG Xiao-qiu

2018, 27(8):  109-115.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0189

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The resource of carbon dioxide mainly originates from fossil fuel combustion, which attracts a lot of scholars to believe that the carbon price is more vulnerable to the effects of energy price through energy price fluctuations. In view of the existing literature on the relationship between energy and carbon price, and based on model construction, this paper aims to find the transmission effect of the energy price fluctuation on the carbon price fluctuation with different influence paths: mean, volatility and jump. Firstly, the stochastic differential equation is used to describe the price trend of carbon and energy, and then the analytical solution is obtained by solving the characteristic equation. Secondly, on the basis of this solution, we discuss the influence degrees of energy price under the mean and volatility paths on the carbon price. Thirdly, analyzing the impact of jump caused by major events in the energy market, we further enhance the explanation potency of the interaction equation. The experimental results of this paper reveal that there is a linkage between energy price and carbon price, but different paths have different effects on the linkage. On the one hand, it can be learnt that, compared with the energy price which impacts carbon price through the volatility path, its influence through the carbon price mean path is obvious. On the other hand, the shocks of the carbon price caused by jumps are smaller than that of energy volatility transmission. Accordingly, for risk control in carbon market, investors should fully comprehend the correlation?intensity between different energy markets and carbon market; especially require paying attention to the impact of energy price on the carbon price under the volatility path.

Urban Traffic Network Cascading Failure Evaluation Model Based on Markov Renewal Process

YUAN Peng-cheng, LIN Xu-xun

2018, 27(8):  116-126.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0190

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According to the relationship between the state of the link and its function, a "failure-non failure" state representation for the link is given. Furthermore, the definition and recognition method of cascading failure state of road traffic network is proposed according to the connection between the links in the network. Using the renewal and Markov chain theory, the probability distribution of the ‘cascading failure-non cascading failure’ state duration time is analyzed. The method for estimating the unknown parameters and testing the hypothetical distribution is given, and the cascading failure evaluation model of traffic network based on the number of failures and the transfer probability is also proposed. Taking an actual road network as an example, the model is calibrated, the calibrated model evaluation results are compared with the actual observation results, and the two results are very close, which indicates that the model is of high accuracy.

Identification Method of Policy Risk Factors in Financial Benefits Based on Hilbert-Huang Transform

LI Xiang-fei, SHEN Shu-li, KEES Boersma

2018, 27(8):  127-134.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0191

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With respect to risk of financial gain from different policies, a policy risk factor identification method based on Hilbert-Huang transform is proposed. To begin with, we decompose the financial time series into several intrinsic mode functions which have different time scale features. Secondly, we restructure the intrinsic mode functions and form three basic components which reflect short fluctuation, medium-term change form and general tendency of the original series by using spectrum, power spectrum and T-test methods. In terms of the short fluctuation component, we get the abnormal volatility by calculating the frequency and time domain features of the series through empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum analysis; in medium-term component respect, we quantize and simulate the policies shock by event-study analysis, and finally match the abnormal volatility with the quantitative policies and recognize the policy risk factors. The method is of important reference significance for analyzing the effect of regulatory policies on financial returns fluctuation. Finally the high precision and wide application prospect are illustrated by a numerical example with national real estate regulation policies and the fluctuation of real estate indexes.

Optimization Model of Assets and Liabilities Management Based on Stochastic Duration

ZHANG Zhi-peng, CHI Guo-tai

2018, 27(8):  135-148.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0192

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Asset-Liability Management (ALM) is to achieve optimal allocation of assets under the constraints on the number and structure of the liabilities, and to realize the maximization return of portfolio by pursuing assets liquidity, profitability and safety. Through the interest risk immunization condition that stochastic duration gap of total assets and liabilities is zero, a total assets and liabilities optimization model is established, controlling interest risk of all the combination of existing portfolio and incremental portfolio. The main innovation and characteristics of this paper are as follows: First, by considering the existing portfolio risk in the asset allocation, we establish total asset and liability interest rate immunization constraints, taking into consideration the existing portfolio risk and increment portfolio risk, which change the existing research that does not consider total asset and liability risk when performing asset allocation. Second, we use stochastic duration to control the total asset and liability interest rate risk. By making stochastic duration gap between assets portfolio and liabilities portfolio equal to zero, we guarantee the degree of interest rate influence is the same, which changes the existing duration that can not accurately identify the random variation of interest rate. Third, using portfolio earnings as the objective function to maximize bank’s assets, supplemented by existing laws and regulations as the constraints, we establish all assets and liabilities portfolio model based on stochastic duration immunization, which changes the existing research that ignores the risk change to duration controlling.

Allocation Scheme Based on Internal and Fuzzy Shapley Value

YU Xiao-hui, ZHOU Hong, ZOU Zheng-xing, SU Hong-xia

2018, 27(8):  149-154.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0193

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In this paper, we firstly extend axioms of Shapley value given by Shapley in 1953 to cooperative games with fuzzy payoffs. Secondly, cooperative games with special fuzzy payoffs named interval fuzzy number have been studied, and explicit form of the interval Shapley value has been put forward. Then, considering the corresponding connection between interval number and general fuzzy number, we continue to research the cooperative games with general fuzzy number valued fuzzy payoffs and their Shapley value, which can be viewed as an extension of Shapley value based on the cooperative games with interval number valued fuzzy payoffs. Moreover, it is proven that fuzzy Shapley value is just the same as crisp Shapley value if confidence level , otherwise it is equal to interval Shapley value. Finally, we have given the optimistic allocation scheme through the taxis of fuzzy number. Because the systematic study has been done on cooperative games with fuzzy payoffs, the results of our paper lay the foundation for the research on the solution of cooperative games with fuzzy coalition and fuzzy payoffs.

A Study of Cross-market Financial Risks Contagion Mechanism Based on Complex Network Theory: For Data Around Financial Crisis(2007~2009)

LIU Chao, HAO Dan-hui TANG Xiao-wen, LIU Chen-qi

2018, 27(8):  155-161.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0194

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Financial system has a feature of typical nonlinear complex systems, whose multi-level and multi-feedback effects make cross-market financial risks contagion more complicated and changeable. Selecting relevant data of China’s economy around financial crisis(2007~2009), we divide the financial sub market, construct financial network and apply Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) for empirical research on cross-market financial risks contagion mechanism, including the contagion path and dynamic evolution of financial risk. The results reveal that China’s financial market has obvious characteristics of a small world; degree of relevance of sub markets of financial market significantly increases during the financial crisis; stocks market, bonds market, real estate market and foreign exchange market are importance markets of financial system which are at the core position in the China’s financial network and need focusing on monitoring and prevention. We identify the potential contagion path of cross-market financial risks and provide a theoretical basis for macro prudential regulation.

Introduction Impact of Index Futures Based on Panel Data Evaluation Approach

GAO Yang, SUN Bian-xia, WANG Chao

2018, 27(8):  162-171.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0195

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By adopting the panel data approach developed by Hsiao et al. (2012), the impacts of introducing the SSE 50 (IH) and CSI 500 index futures (IC) on their corresponding stock market volatility are examined respectively. The sample period ranges from Apr. 16 to Aug. 31 in 2015, and then we make a split with respect to Jun 15, naming the dates before crash and crash period respectively. Empirical results show that before crash the IH doesn’t influence the spot volatility significantly, while during crash period it does help fluctuate the spot volatility. For the IC, before crash its introduction has increased the spot volatility significantly, and during crash period the spot volatility largely increases. The further regression analysis of IH and IC concludes that excess speculation explains its role in magnifying stock price volatility for the CSI 500 index futures. Before the CFFEX released a series of regulation policies to depress excessive speculations of the index futures market, the IH and IC fail to function as the spot stabilizer.

Study on Evolution of the Port System along “Maritime Silk Road” Based on Logistics and Lotka-Volterra Model

ZHAO Xu, GAO Su-hong, ZHOU Qiao-lin, LIU Jin-ping

2018, 27(8):  172-181.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0196

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The study on evolution of the port system can reveal the development law of the ports along Maritime Silk Road. It also can provide the decision support for our country’s relevant enterprises on overseas investment, and theory basis for the implement of our strategy “Maritime Silk Road”. In this paper, we use the theory of ecological and the data of Southeast Asia’s ports to study the evolution of the port system. The study discovers that the port scale evolution trend accords with the Logistics evolution, the growth rate peaks in 2008, and the port system along the Maritime Silk Road enters recession in 2013, and around 2030 the port system scale will reach limit. Then we establish the Lotka-Volterra and mutual relations’ models to study the evolution trend of Singapore port, port Klang, Tanjung Pelepas, Pulau Pinang and Johor. Last, we propose that our country needs to coordinate in cooperation with the port according to the study. When the relationship of the ports is predation, we should set up cooperative mechanism to ease their competition. When it is mutualism, what should we do is to fight for the coordination with both of them. Then it can achieve maximum benefits.

Management Science

Research into the Key Influence Factors of Users Changing Their Mobile Phones and Their Effects ——Based on the Sample Data of Xi’an Branch of China Mobile Company

WANG Chao-fa, SUN Jing-chun

2018, 27(8):  182-189.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0197

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For influencing factors of user changing their mobile phones there are objective factors and subjective factors. Based on users’ information data of Xi’an Branch of China Mobile Company, according to the actual consumption of users and related nonlinear multiple regression theory, we explore the objective factors of users changing their mobile phones and their effects. The study finds that: the frequent number of total calls, major average flow and small mobile phone screen (their mobile phone) can promote users to change their mobile phones; the driving force of users changing their mobile phones is not the difference between their economic ability, but that between the screen sizes of their mobile phone; the difference between users’ age influence on whether users change their mobile phones can be ignored; the effect identity between urban and rural areas is remarkable, but the effect of users’ brand is not significant. In addition, as a result of the truth tied to sales, finally from manufacturers and operators, according to the above effect, we put forward some related suggestions to promote the competitiveness of mobile phone manufacturers and operators.

Dynamic Control Strategy of Users’ Sustained Participation in Crowdsourcing Innovation:a Knowledge Acquisition Perspective

MENG Qing-liang, XU Xin-hui

2018, 27(8):  190-199.  DOI: 10.12005/orms.2018.0198

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As a new open innovation model, crowdsourcing innovation is used to make full use of external crowd wisdoms to realize innovation performance. Its essence is to breakthrough organizational boundaries, acquire and integrate external network knowledge so as to improve innovation performance. Due to the complexity and diversity of innovative tasks and users’ free and voluntary participation, it shows the crowdsourcing innovation in practice with poor innovation performance and low willingness of users’ sustained participation. Therefore, based on the theory of relation marketing and knowledge sharing, this paper defines the concept of knowledge commitment in crowdsourcing innovation process, and proposes that the essence of users' sustained participation in crowdsourcing innovation is the establishment of knowledge commitment. Then the key effect factors of knowledge commitment are analyzed, and the dynamic optimal decision model of users’ sustained participation is established. At last, the optimal decision results via the dynamic optimization techniques are discussed and the analysis of examples is showed. The optimal control criterions proposed in the paper provide guidance for enterprises to motivate users’ sustained participation in crowdsourcing innovation.