关键词: 优化, 纳什均衡, 交货期, 订货, 协调机制

Abstract: Customers often have different demands for delivery times, which can exacerbate the channel conflict between online and offline. However, this also provides the foundation for cooperation. To cope with this problem, a dual-channel supply chain system consisting of a manufacturer online channel and an offline retailer is investigated. Game theory and coordination theory are adopted in order to analyze the ordering and cooperation policy of two retailers. Therefore, a profit model for cooperative online and offline retailers with the difference of the due date is established respectively. Based on this, the existence and uniqueness of the ordering Nash equilibrium of online and offline retailers are proved by the fixed point theorem, and a two-part coordination mechanism to achieve a win-win for the manufacturer and retailer is designed. The result indicates that the order quantity of two retailers has a strategic substitution relationship as a result of the existence of ordering Nash equilibrium. In addition, we prove that the system of offline retailers and manufacturers cannot be coordinated only with the contract of wholesale prices and service fee. Furthermore, a two-part coordination mechanism is improved to achieve a win-win for both manufacturers and retailers which provides a powerful theoretical basis for the coordination and cooperation of the firm.

Key words: optimization, nash equilibrium, due date, ordering, coordination mechanism