关键词: 产业链联动, 中小制造企业, 数字化转型, 数字化协同, 复杂网络博弈

Abstract: Digital transformation is an important way for small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMME) to enhance their competitiveness. Although the pace of digital transformation of SMME in China has accelerated in recent years, there are still bottlenecks in transformation such as lack of motivation and cognition. In order to improve transaction efficiency and reduce operating costs and risks, enterprises at the nodes of the industry chain collaborate in research and development, production and sales, and influence each other, thus forming an industry chain linkage effect. The development of digital economy has strengthened the linkage effect of industrial chain, and also derived the digital linkage effect. Under the digital linkage effect, digital transformation is not only the strategic decision of a single enterprise, but also affects other enterprises in the industrial chain. Therefore, it is significant to explore the influence of upstream and downstream enterprises (UDE) digitization level on the digital decision-making of SMME based on the perspective of industry chain linkage effect. The theoretical significance in this paper is that based on the linkage effect of the industrial chain, it analyzes the influence of digital synergy of UDE on the digital decision-making diffusion of SMME, and expands the research perspectives of enterprise digital transformation. The practical significance is that it breaks through the limitations of previous literature focusing on the study of digital transformation of SMME from a single perspective, and combines the vertical perspective of upstream and downstream linkage of the industrial chain with the horizontal perspective of competition among peer enterprises, and the results of the study provide new ideas and theoretical support for the government to optimize the digital transformation policy of SMME.
The combination of complex network and evolutionary game can effectively describe the strategy diffusion and the evolution of interactive learning behavior among agents in the network structure, and explain its influencing factors and mechanisms. Therefore, based on complex network theory and evolutionary game theory, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of complex network, discusses the influence of different factors on the digital decision-making of SMME, and analyzes the dynamic diffusion process of digital decision-making through numerical simulation.
The results show that: (1)The digitalization level of UDE in the industrial chain has a significant impact on the digital decision diffusion of SMME. A higher level of UDE digitalization can force SMME to make a digital transformation. On the contrary, due to the lack of digital cooperation between UDE, SMME that have been digitally transformed can not give full play to their digital advantages to improve their economic efficiency, which indirectly leads to the failure of digital decision diffusion. (2)The linkage effect of industrial chain affects the incentive effect of the government subsidies for the digital transformation of SMME. Only when the UDE in the industrial chain are digitized to a certain extent can the government subsidies generate incentives to promote the diffusion of digital decision-making of SMME. On the contrary, the government subsidy policy will be invalid, and the lower digital cost will become a key factor driving the digital transformation of SMME. (3)The magnitude of reducing cost and improving efficiency has a greater impact on the digital decision-making of SMME than the increased competitiveness and synergy benefits of digital transformation, and all three are exogenous drivers of the proliferation of digital decision-making in the context of higher levels of UDE digitization. (4)The cost of information asymmetry caused by the difference of digitalization levels is an important factor affecting the diffusion of digitalization decision. When the digitalization level of UDE in the industrial chain is higher than that of SMME, if the cost of information asymmetry caused by the difference of digitalization level is low, SMME after digital transformation will play a major role in the diffusion of digital decision-making. On the contrary, the traditional SMME will promote the spread of digital decision-making. Finally, according to the research results and the actual situation, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the digital transformation of SMME.

Key words: industry chain linkage, small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, digital transformation, digital synergy, complex network game