基于不同政府补贴策略的供应链绿色努力决策比较研究

doi:10.12005/orms.2020.0124

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究由单一制造商与单一零售商组成的二级绿色供应链,探讨在同时考虑制造商与零售商绿色努力情况下政府补贴策略对供应链绿色努力与定价决策的影响,比较分析无补贴策略、制造商补贴策略与消费者补贴策略对决策影响的差异性,并进一步考虑零售商的风险规避特征对最优决策的影响。结果表明,政府补贴能够激励制造商与零售商的绿色努力行为,对供应链的绿色发展总是有利的;且制造商补贴策略下的绿色质量水平高于消费者补贴策略,但对供应链利润而言并不是最优的;而在消费者补贴策略下,尽管产品的绿色质量水平不是最优的,但供应链可以获得最高的利润。研究还发现,风险规避特征不会改变参数对最优决策与最优利润的影响趋势,但会降低零售商的绿色努力积极性,导致其利润的下降。

关键词: 绿色供应链, 制造商补贴, 消费者补贴, 风险规避

Abstract: This paper considers a two-stage supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. The paper explores the impact of government subsidy strategies on supply chain green efforts and pricing decisions considering the green efforts of manufacturers and retailers. This paper compares and analyzes the differences in the influence of three strategies including government non-subsidy strategies, government-to-manufacturer subsidies strategies and government-to-consumer subsidies strategies on decision-making, and considers the influence of retailer's risk aversion characteristics on optimal decision-making. It is shown that government subsidies can encourage manufacturers and retailers to improve their green efforts, and government subsidies are always beneficial to the green development of the supply chain. When government subsidies manufacturers, the green quality level is higher than that of government-to-consumer subsidies strategies, but the profit of supply chain is not optimal. When the government subsidizes consumers, the supply chain can get the highest profit although the green quality level of the product is not optimal. The study also finds that the risk aversion feature does not change the influence of parameters on the optimal decision and the optimal profit, but it will reduce the retailer's green efforts and lead to a decline in its profits.

Key words: green supply chains, manufacturer subsidies, consumer subsidies, risk aversion

中图分类号:

F274

曹裕, 寻静雅, 李青松. 基于不同政府补贴策略的供应链绿色努力决策比较研究[J]. 运筹与管理, 2020, 29(5): 108-118.

CAO Yu, XUN Jing-ya, LI Qing-song. A Comparative Study of Green Efforts in Supply Chain Based on Different Government Subsidy Strategies[J]. Operations Research and Management Science, 2020, 29(5): 108-118.

参考文献

[1] Friedler F. Process integration, modelling and optimisation for energy saving and pollution reduction[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010, 30(16): 2270-2280.
[2] Li X, Li Y. On green market segmentation under subsidy regulation[J]. Supply Chain Management, 2017, 22(3): 284-294.
[3] Andersen M S. Europe's experience with carbon-energy taxation[J]. Institut Veolia Environment, 2010, 3(2): 1-11.
[4] Shi W, Min K J. Remanufacturing decisions and implications under material cost uncertainty[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2015, 53(21): 6421-6435.
[5] 曹斌斌,肖忠东,祝春阳.考虑政府低碳政策的双销售模式供应链决策研究[J].中国管理科学,2018,26(4):30-40.
[6] Sheu J, Chen Y J. Impact of government financial intervention on competition among green supply chains[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2012, 138(1): 201-213.
[7] Yi Y, Li J. The effect of governmental policies of carbon taxes and energy-saving subsidies on enterprise decisions in a two-echelon supply chain[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 181: 675-691.
[8] Yi Y, Li J. Cost-Sharing contracts for energy saving and emissions reduction of a supply chain under the conditions of government subsidies and a carbon tax[J]. Sustainability, 2018, 10(3): 895.
[9] 温兴琦,程海芳,蔡建湖,卢超.绿色供应链中政府补贴策略及效果分析[J].管理学报,2018,15(4):625-632.
[10] Yu Y, Han X, Hu G. Optimal production for manufacturers considering consumer environmental awareness and green subsidies[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2016, 182: 397-408.
[11] 徐建中,贯君,朱晓亚.政府行为对制造企业绿色创新模式选择影响的演化博弈研究[J].运筹与管理,2017,26(9):68-77.
[12] 张海斌,盛昭瀚,孟庆峰.新能源汽车市场开拓的政府补贴机制研究[J].管理科学,2015,28(6):122-132.
[13] Ma W M, Zhao Z, Ke H. Dual-channel closed-loop supply chain with government consumption-subsidy[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2013, 226(2): 221-227.
[14] 田一辉,朱庆华.政府价格补贴下绿色供应链管理扩散博弈模型[J].系统工程学报,2016,31(4):526-535.
[15] 张艳丽,胡小建,杨海洪,卢朝东.政府补贴下考虑消费者策略行为的绿色供应链决策模型[J].预测,2017,36(2):57-63.
[16] 朱庆华,夏西强,王一雷.政府补贴下低碳与普通产品制造商竞争研究[J].系统工程学报,2014,29(5):640-651.
[17] Zhao S, Zhu Q, Cui L. A decision-making model for remanufacturers: Considering both consumers' environmental preference and the government subsidy policy[J]. Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2018, 128: 176-186.
[18] 孙迪,余玉苗.绿色产品市场中政府最优补贴政策的确定[J].管理学报,2018,15(1):118-126.
[19] 赵敬华,林杰.不同补贴对象下的闭环供应链定价模型[J].管理工程学报,2017,31(1):85-92.
[20] 罗春林.基于政府补贴的电动汽车供应链策略研究[J].管理评论,2014,26(12):198-205.
[21] Yu J J, Tang C S, Shen Z M. Improving consumer welfare and manufacturer profit via government subsidy programs: subsidizing consumers or manufacturers[J]. Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 2018, 20(4): 752-766.
[22] Hong Z, Guo X. Green product supply chain contracts considering environmental responsibilities[J]. Omega, 2018. 1-12.
[23] Cohen M C, Lobel R, Perakis G. The impact of demand uncertainty on consumer subsidies for green technology adoption[J]. Management Science, 2016, 62(5): 1235-1258.
[24] Xie G, Yue W Y, Wang S Y. Optimal selection of cleaner products in a green supply chain with risk aversion[J]. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2015, 11(2): 515-528.
[25] 江世英,李随成,王欢.考虑风险规避的绿色供应链定价决策[J].系统工程,2016,34(3):94-100.
[26] 曲优,关志民,叶同.基于混合CVaR的供应链绿色研发－广告决策与协调机制研究[J].中国管理科学,2018,26(10):89-101.
[27] Zhou Y W, Guo J S, Zhou W H. Pricing/service strategies for a dual-channel supply chain with free riding and service-cost sharing[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2018, 196: 198-210.
[28] Tsay A A, Agrawal N. Channel dynamics under price and service competition[J]. Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, 2000, 2(4): 372-391.
[29] Gibert S M, Cvsa V. Strategic commitment to price to stimulate downstream innovation in a supply chain[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2003, 150(3): 617-639.
[30] Xiao T J, Yang D Q. Price and service competition of supply chains with risk-averse retailers under demand uncertainty[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2008, 114 (1): 187-200.