Abstract: We develop container storage pricing model considering the competition between internal and external yards aimed at solving the increasing container throughput which is caused by the shift cost and congestion in container terminal. The yards’ pricing decision-making and shipper’s transfer time decision-making in the competition between internal and external yards are formulated by the game model. The relationship of terminal yard profit to terminal yard operation cost, transportation cost and demand coefficient is analyzed. The results indicate that the shipper’s cost reach the minimum with transferring container when it exceeds free time. The terminal yard’s optimal pricing, optimal quantity and maximum profit increase with the increase of the transportation cost. The terminal yard’s optimal quantity and maximum profit increase with the decrease of the terminal yard operation cost. Meanwhile, with the optimal price reversed it’s beneficial for terminal yard to reduce the affection coefficient of yard pricing to shipper demand and improve the affection coefficient of transportation to shipper demand.

Key words: container terminal yard, yard competition, storage pricing

摘要： 针对由于集装箱吞吐量增加造成翻箱成本增加与码头堆场拥堵,考虑内外堆场竞争,构建集装箱堆存定价模型,研究内外堆场竞争下的堆存定价决策和货主移箱决策,分析码头堆场操作成本、场外堆场运输成本、货主需求参数和码头堆场收益的内在关系。算例结果表明:一旦过了免费期立即移箱到场外堆场,货主成本最小。随着场外堆场运输成本的增加,码头堆场的堆存定价和箱量增加,提高码头堆场收益。随着码头堆场操作成本降低,码头堆场堆存价格随之下降,但码头堆存箱量增加,提高码头堆场收益。此外降低堆场定价对货主需求的影响参数以及提高运输成本对货主需求的影响系数,有利于提高码头堆场收益。

关键词: 集装箱码头, 堆场竞争, 堆存定价