关键词: 共享经济, 资源配置, 成本分担契约, 供应链, 微分博弈

Abstract: Nowadays, the sharing economy is the most active part of innovation in the emerging economy. Driven by Internet technology, market demand, capital and other factors, its field continues to expand. The sharing economy is moving from consumption to production, and extending to supply chain, which brings a new mode of production, consumption and operation management. How to re-allocate idle resources to achieve resource sharing and improve resource utilization is a new problem faced by companies in the shared supply chain. This paper investigates the resources' dynamic matching in a manufacturing supply chain that consists of two independent and competing manufacturers and a resource-service platform. We first use a differential equation to model the evolution of resource-sharing and capture the effect of matching service efforts on market demand. Next, three dynamic models are constructed in the situation of platform-dominated Stackelberg game, vertical cooperation and platform proposed cost-sharing contract respectively. Finally, by applying optimal control theory and dynamic programming theory, we identify the optimal matching strategies, the optimal trajectories of resource sharing level and profits for decentralized, centralized and cost-sharing contract systems respectively. It is found that, by introducing the cost-sharing contract, the participants' enthusiasm of idle resources supply chain, the matching efforts, and the manufacturing resources sharing level are promoted. What's more, under the cost-sharing contract profits can achieve Pareto improvement for the resources supplier, platform, resources demander and the supply chain system under certain conditions.

Key words: sharing economy, resources allocation, cost-sharing contract, supply chain, differential game