关键词: 技术创新网络, 剥削型领导, 越轨创新, 战略背离, 惯例更新

Abstract: With the requirements of the Chinese path to modernization and the goal of building an innovation country, the development of innovation network is becoming increasingly important. The decision to integrate into a global innovation network is the key to innovation-driven strategy to catch-up. However, there exists a paradox between standardization and autonomy in the process of continuous innovation, which inevitably induces hidden bootleg innovation behavior. Most of the existing studies have analyzed the influencing factors of bootleg innovation based on the team level, but ignored the primary cause of external destructive leadership, especially for the exploitative leadership. The existing studies have ignored the influencing factors of bootleg innovation in network organization. Therefore, it is urgent to reveal the bootleg innovation mechanism in innovation network based on the perspective of exploitative leadership.
In view of the above background and research, this research integrates the theory of innovation network and bootleg innovation in order to uncover the mechanism of bootleg innovation in technology innovation network. This research constructs the theoretical framework of ‘exploitative leadership-strategic deviation-bootleg innovation’, and analyzes the impact of exploitative leadership on bootleg innovation in technology innovation network. In addition, this research further examines the mediating effect of strategic deviation and the moderated effect of routines updating. Then an empirical test is made with the survey data of high-tech enterprises embedded in the computer industry collaboration network in China. The empirical test is made by using social network analysis and multiple regression analysis.
The results show that: Exploitative leadership, strategic deviation and routine updating are the key conditions for bootleg innovation in technology innovation network. Exploitative leadership is mainly characterized by being exceedingly self-interested and exploitative of others, which has a significant positive effect on bootleg innovation for technology innovation network organization. The strategic deviation has meditative effects between exploitative leadership and bootleg innovation in technology innovation network. The routine updating positively moderates the effect between exploitative leadership and strategic deviation, but has no significant effect between strategic deviation and bootleg innovation. There exist moderated mediation effects.
This research not only enriches the micro mechanism of destructive leadership behavior, but also extends the practical implications to construct a moderately loose innovation ecosystem. On the one hand, this research breaks out of the existing paradox of constructive and destructive effects of bootleg innovation, and also expands the supporting conditions of negative leadership behavior with bootleg innovation. This research proposes and integrates the micro decision making process of organization strategy deviation, which enriches the multi-dimensional co-evolution mechanism of bootleg innovation. This paper analyzes the contingency effect of routines updating in strategy deviation, and also expands the boundary conditions of bootleg innovation. On the other hand, enterprise managers need to think outside the box, so as to construct cognition of bootleg innovation, and design the reward and punishment mechanism. The managers need to pay more attention to strategic deviation, and to break the industry or previous standard by radical or risky decisions, which do not depend on the perspective of normative enforcement. The research results also suggest that firms should focus on the context dependent nature of bootleg innovation, and create a dynamic environment with the constant updating of organization routines.

Key words: technology innovation network, exploitative leadership, bootleg innovation, strategic deviation, routines updating