关键词: 共享单车, 闭环供应链, 服务网络, 政府激励, 质量偏好

Abstract: In the new era, the sharing economy, characterized by platform, efficiency, openness, and distribution, has developed under the traction of cost reduction and efficiency enhancement of enterprises and the promotion of new-generation information technology, and bicycle sharing, as a typical representative of the sharing economy, has become the focus of attention from all walks of life. In recent years, bike-sharing companies have begun to pay attention to issues such as over-input and sharing frequency and use big data to forecast consumer demand to mitigate the negative impact of over-input. However, the practice has proven that it is difficult to solve the negative impact of over-input by a single demand-side forecast and scheduling under random demand perturbation, and it is necessary to integrate manufacturing suppliers, service integrators, consumer demand-side, and it is necessary to incorporate relevant subjects such as manufacturing suppliers, service integrators, consumer demand side, and government into the shared bicycle service system from the service supply chain network level, find strategies to achieve supply-demand balance among participating subjects in the service supply chain network, and plan, organize and optimize network resource allocation from the overall service supply and demand system to promote its sustainable development.
In reality, the operation of the shared bicycle is a service supply chain network, and it is difficult to explain or find the optimal solution for the system as a whole by studying the node-to-node association at a certain link or a certain stage alone. Based on the competition of similar members in the closed-loop network system of the service supply chain, the shared bike sharing network is divided into three levels by this research: Manufacturing suppliers, service integrators, and consumer demand side, and an equilibrium model of bike sharing service network considering government incentives and quality preferences is established. Combined with the modified projection shrinkage method, the model solving procedure is designed for numerical case analysis.
The research analysis draws the following important conclusions: (1)Only when the manufacturing supplier’s new product price is equal to the sum of shadow price, marginal production cost, and marginal transaction cost of the new product between the manufacturing supplier and service integrator, and the service integrator is willing to accept the price, the manufacturing supplier will supply at a profit; The same is true for remanufactured products. (2)The new product price of the service integrator changes with the average sharing frequency, and the more the average sharing frequency, the lower the market price. The price of the remanufactured product is not only affected by the average sharing frequency, but also associated with the government incentive, and the greater the government incentive, the lower the endogenous price. (3)The endogenous price of recycled products of service integrators is negatively associated with the quality preference (end-of-life aversion rate of recycled products) of service integrators, and positively associated with the quality preference (cost per end-of-life product) of manufacturing supplier. Meanwhile, as the service integrator’s recycling quantity of scrap products in the demand market increases, the average sharing coefficient of both types of products in the demand market of shared services increases, and the service integrator’s sharing revenue will be improved accordingly.
The main contributions of this study are: Firstly, it enriches the research on the bike sharing supply chain. Secondly, this broadens the research horizon of the bicycle sharing service chain. Thirdly, combining consumer quality preferences with the bike sharing service supply chain network solves the shortcomings of previous studies. However, this paper does not consider whether the average sharing coefficient can be defined as the “ecological coefficient” in the shared service supply chain, which is worth exploring in the next stage.

Key words: bike sharing, closed-loop supply chain, service network, government incentives, quality preference