关键词: 公平关切, 企业社会责任, 闭环供应链, 差别定价, 专利授权

Abstract: With the rapid development of social economy, the problems of environmental pollution and resource shortage are increasingly prominent. In order to improve the recycling rate of resources and achieve sustainable development, China issued the “Implementation Plan for the Extended Producer Responsibility System” in 2016, which required manufacturers to recycle and reuse waste products, and also promoted the development of remanufacturing industry. However, many original manufacturers are unwilling to engage in remanufacturing activities for the sake of brand protection or maintaining core competitiveness, so they authorize remanufacturing to professional remanufacturers. In reality, on the one hand, more and more enterprises pay more attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR) while pursuing profits in order to achieve sustainable development. On the other hand, while pursuing economic benefits and fulfilling CSR, enterprises will also pay attention to the fairness of profit distribution in supply chain channels, that is, enterprises will pay attention to not only the gains and losses of their own interests, but also the profit gap with other members.
Therefore, this paper raises the following research questions: Firstly, how does the two-way CSR investment of original manufacturer and remanufacturer affect the differential pricing, recycling decision and performance of closed-loop supply chain? Secondly, how does the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer affect the CSR investment level, patent fees, and the differential pricing strategy of new products and remanufactured products of closed-loop supply chain members? Thirdly, what are the differences in the impact of remanufacturer's fairness concerns about information symmetry on differential pricing strategies and performance in closed-loop supply chains?
In order to solve the above problems, based on the closed-loop supply chain with remanufacturing authorization, this paper constructs the differential pricing decision models of closed-loop supply chain with fairness neutrality, fairness concerns & information symmetry and asymmetry. Through the comparative analysis of the equilibrium results of the three models, the following conclusions are drawn: The CSR investment level, patent fees and new product pricing of the original manufacturer are negatively related to the fairness concerns level. When the fairness concerns information is asymmetric, the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer has no impact on the decision of original manufacturer, while its own reverse CSR investment level and waste recycling price are negatively related to the fairness concerns level. Moreover, whether the information of fairness concerns is symmetrical or not, the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer will promote the price reduction of remanufactured products and the reduction of sales of new products. The fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer will harm the interests of original manufacturer and whole closed-loop supply chain, and only when the fairness concerns information is symmetrical, the fairness concerns behavior of remanufacturer will benefit itself. The research in this paper provides a theoretical reference for pricing decisions in closed-loop supply chains considering fairness concerns and CSR behavior.
The future research can explore the impact of the two-way CSR investment competition behavior of original manufacturer or remanufacturer and the fairness concerns behavior of different members on the pricing decision and operation of closed-loop supply chain.

Key words: fairness concerns, corporate social responsibility, closed-loop supply chain, differential pricing, patent authorization