Abstract: In order to determine the optimal hybrid recycling channels, a closed-loop supply chain system that consists of a manufacturer, a retailer and a third-party is investigated. In this system, there are four kinds of hybrid recycling channels, including manufacturer and retailer, manufacturer and third-party, retailer and third-party as well as manufacturer, retailer and third-party, and according to the different quality used products are refurbished or remanufactured. The profit models on the members and the system are formulated in the decentralized decision-making under four kinds of hybrid recycling channels. The comparison shows that from the point of maximizing the profit of the manufacturer and system and considering the social benefits, the three channels are the best choice, and at this time, more used products can be recycled. The profit is the lowest when the manufacturer does not participate in the recovery, and it is not conducive to improving the quantity of used products. Finally, a numerical example is given to analyze the influence of remanufacturing rate on members and system profit of the four kinds of hybrid recycling channels. The results show that manufacturer should remanufacture used products as many as possible.

Key words: closed-loop supply chain, hybrid recycling channel, remanufacturing, refurbishing

摘要： 为确定最优的回收渠道,对由单个制造商、零售商和第三方组成的闭环供应链系统进行研究。在该系统中,可能存在制造商和零售商、制造商和第三方、零售商和第三方以及制造商、零售商和第三方同时回收的四种渠道,并根据质量差异对废旧品进行翻新或再制造。在分散决策下建立了四种回收渠道模型。比较发现:站在制造商和系统收益最大化及社会效益角度,三渠道是最佳选择,此时得到的废旧品最多;制造商不进行回收时获利最低,且不利于提高废旧品的获取量。最后,通过算例剖析了废旧品再制造率对四种混合回收渠道下成员及系统利润的影响。结果表明:制造商应尽量将废旧品用于再制造。

关键词: 闭环供应链, 混合回收渠道, 再制造, 翻新