关键词: 人与野生动物冲突, 农作物受损, 生态补偿, 演化博弈, 利益均衡

Abstract: Wildlife conflict compensation is an effective means to protect wildlife resources and balance the interests of all parties. The paper obtains the specific information about the loss of crops caused by wild animals in 2019, based on a semi-structured interview with 225 local families in the Qinling region of Shaanxi Province in China. The involved wildlife uses the extended game theory to explain the conflict between farmers and the government that are destroying and expanding wildlife. The theoretical research finds that the optimal stable equilibrium strategy (protection, compensation) cannot be achieved only through the evolution of farmers and local governments, and the central government’s incentive and constraint mechanism must be introduced to determine the parameter conditions for achieving the optimal stable equilibrium strategy. The empirical research shows that farmers in Shanxi Province should receive compensation of at least 720 Yuan per hectare,so that farmers are willing to adopt protection strategies. At the same time, if the compensation standard is less than 2434.6/(1-β), the local government is willing to adopt a compensation strategy. In order to achieve the balance of the stakeholders in wildlife conflicts, compensation standards should be formulated reasonably,and the cost of breach of compensation for compensation and the existing compensation supervision system should be established.

Key words: human-wildlife conflict, crop damage, ecological compensation, evolutionary game, benefit equilibrium